我国山地冰川内部动态参数的无线实时监测系统研究

With global warming, mountain glaciers have continued to shrink almost worldwide, the volume of water from glaciers has changed, and the relative disasters are frequently happening. However, it is still much difficult to monitor the real-time movement of mountain glaciers, because of the thin depth, the high velocity of movement, the boreholes shrinking seriously, and much expenses on equipment maintenance. . Based on the technologies of wireless sensors, transmission of radio waves, satellite remote sensing and network information, the project will aim to research on the wireless monitoring system in glaciers and the base stations on the surface of glaciers, in order to continuously obtain the dynamic parameters for glaciers interior, including temperature, humidity, pressure and inclination. Through radio waves and/or satellite remote communication, these data will be automatically received and sent to the base stations on glaciers surface and/or receiver equipment installed at the laboratory in Lanzhou, Gansu province. . If the energy consumption of the monitoring system is minimized, the power supply can maintain the system working for about five to ten years. If the project succeeds, this future system can save much expenses on human and materials, and can also get the continuous observation data in remote areas. Meantime, the system can reduce many risks in field work.. Without cable limits, the system can provide us the real movement condition of mountain glacier interior. The system can also establish a complete database, to effectively serve for simulation on future glacier change, evaluation on water volume from glaciers, prediction and pre-warning on risks, and prevention from disasters of mountain glaciers.

全球气候系统变暖，山地冰川运动加剧，冰川水资源发生变化，相关灾害事件正在/将要频发。然而，鉴于山地冰川厚度薄、运动速度快、冰孔井缩现象严重、仪器维护成本高等特点，很难实现山地冰川内部动态参数的实时监测。本项目拟融合传感器技术、无线通信技术、卫星遥感技术和网络信息技术等为一体，研发冰体内部无线监测系统和冰面上设置的基站系统，实时监控冰川内部的温度、湿度、压力、倾斜率等各种动态参数，通过无线微波或卫星信号的形式发送至冰面上或室内的接收装置。该系统的研制成功将会使一次性放置冰体内部的传感器连续工作5-10年，极大地节约人力、物力和财力，解决目前数据不连续、偏远地区不易常规观测等问题，降低科研人员野外工作的风险。没有导线的束缚，该系统更能真实准确地反映冰体内部的实时运动状态，为冰川未来运动模拟、冰川水资源的预估、险情的预测及预警、冰川灾害的有效预防，提供优质数据，奠定坚实的科学基础。

全球气候系统变暖，山地冰川运动加剧，冰川水资源发生变化，相关灾害事件正在/将要频发。然而，鉴于山地冰川厚度薄、运动速度快、冰孔井缩现象严重、仪器维护成本高等特点，很难实现山地冰川内部动态参数的实时监测。本项目融合传感器技术、无线通信技术、卫星遥感技术和网络信息技术等为一体，研发冰体内部无线监测系统和冰面上设置的基站系统，实时监控冰川内部的温度、湿度、压力等各种动态参数及系统电量，通过无线微波或卫星信号的形式发送至冰面上或室内的接收装置。该系统的研制成功将会使一次性放置冰体内部的传感器连续工作5-10年，极大地节约人力、物力和财力，解决目前数据不连续、偏远地区不易常规观测等问题，降低科研人员野外工作的风险。没有导线的束缚，该系统更能真实准确地反映冰体内部的实时运动状态，为冰川未来运动模拟、冰川水资源的预估、险情的预测及预警、冰川灾害的有效预防，提供优质数据，奠定坚实的科学基础。