面向食品中重金属离子检测的MOF荧光探针的设计合成与性能研究

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a relatively new class of inorganic-organic hybrid crystalline porous materials, which have been widely used in fluorescence sensing and other fields in recent years. As fluorescent probes, MOFs have many advantages, such as abundant light-emitting sites, adsorption and enrichment of analytes, modification/adjustability, which can be applied to detect heavy metal ions, and some remarkable research results have been achieved in this field. However, most of the reported fluorescent probes for sensing heavy metal ions are fluorescence-quenched probes, whose performance needs to be improved. Furthermore, there are relatively few reports on rapid detection for food safety by MOF fluorescent probes. This project is going to design and synthesize excellent MOF fluorescent probes for the detection of heavy metal ions in foods. By improving the light capture ability or fluorescence quantum yield of MOFs, high-luminescent MOF fluorescent probes will be designed and synthesized to investigate the influence of the fluorescence intensity of MOFs on the sensitivity of probes. Study the effect of introducing specific recognition groups into the backbone of MOFs on the sensitivity and selectivity of probes. Explore the construction of ratiometric fluorescent probes based on MOFs and study their effects on sensitivity and anti-interference of probes. Furthermore, the relationship between structure and performance of MOF fluorescent probes will be investigated. The above researches will provide new ideas and methods for the design and synthesis of new high efficiency fluorescent probes for the detection of heavy metal ions and be conducive to expanding the application fields of MOF fluorescent probes.

金属有机框架材料（MOFs）是一类新型的无机-有机杂化的晶态多孔材料，近年来被广泛应用于荧光传感等领域。MOF荧光探针具有丰富的发光位点、可吸附富集待测物、可修饰/调节性等优势可应用于重金属离子的检测并已取得了一些显著成果，但已报道的大多为淬灭型的荧光探针，其检测性能还有待提高，且其在食品安全快速检测方面的报道相对较少。本项目拟设计合成性能优异的MOF荧光探针用于食品中重金属离子的检测。通过提高MOFs的光捕获能力或荧光量子产率，设计合成强发光的MOF荧光探针，考察MOFs自身荧光强度对探针灵敏度的影响；研究在MOFs的骨架中引入特异性识别基团对探针的灵敏度和选择性的影响；探究基于MOFs的比率型荧光探针的构筑，研究其对探针的灵敏度和抗干扰性的影响；进一步研究MOF荧光探针的构效关系。上述研究将为设计合成新型高效的重金属离子荧光探针提供新的思路和方法，有利于拓展MOF荧光探针的应用领域。

由于金属有机框架材料（MOFs）的发光特性对于其自身的框架结构、金属离子的配位环境、孔道的表面特性以及主客体之间的相互作用等十分敏感，使其在荧光探针领域显示出巨大的应用前景。本项目通过选择合适的有机配体和金属离子构建了强发光的MOF荧光探针以提高检测的灵敏度；或在MOFs的骨架中引入特异性识别基团，实现对目标物的选择性吸附和特异性识别，从而提高检测的灵敏度和选择性等策略，设计合成了多种性能优异的MOF荧光探针为重金属离子、抗生素的检测提供了简便快速、高灵敏度、高选择性的方法，并研究了MOF荧光探针用于低温温度荧光探测的潜力。揭示了MOF荧光探针的检测机理，总结出构效关系，为设计合成新型高效的荧光探针提供了理论指导。