The atypical PKCs (aPKCs) is one of the subgroups of PKC multigene family. In hippocampus, the brain region that is highly associated with learning and memory, only PKCι/λ and PKMζ of the aPKC are expressed. Numerous studies have found that PKMζ plays a critical role in the maintenance of late long-term plasticity (LTP) and long-term memory, thus is considered as a unique and important "memory molecule". However, very recently the role of PKMζ has been strongly questioned, and the role of PKCι/λ is suggested. Thus, it is tempting to clarify the exact roles of these two isoforms of aPKCs, which is also a hot question receiving extensive attention and badly need to be addressed. Our recent study has found that PKCι/λ is the critical signaling molecule responsible for GluA1-containing AMPAR phosphorylation and synaptic incorporation at activated synapses during LTP expression. These findings suggest the potential role of PKCι/λ in learning and memory. Based on these findings, our present proposal aim to elucidate the role of atypical PKCs in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, learning and memory as well as their underlying mechanisms, employing a bunch of methods or animals including electrophysiological recording in acute brain slices, behavioral test of hippocampal-associated learning and memory, in vivo transfection of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV2/8) containing PKCι/λ- or PKMζ-shRNA to specially knockdown either PKCι/λ or PKMζ, PKCι/λ or PKMζ knockdown animals. The present study will provide new insights to intervene memory process by targeting aPKCs.
非典型PKC是PKC这个多基因蛋白激酶家族的一个亚类。在与学习记忆密切相关的脑区海马,非典型PKC包括PKCι/λ和PKMζ两个亚型。PKMζ在突触可塑性及记忆后期维持阶段发挥关键作用,但近两年PKMζ的这种作用受到强烈质疑,提示PKCι/λ可能是真正发挥作用的分子。因此,迫切需要澄清这两种非典型PKC的确切作用,这也是目前认知科学领域密切关注的一个热点问题。本实验室在LTP这个突触可塑性及学习记忆的细胞模型上,发现PKCι/λ通过磷酸化AMPA受体促进其上膜而发挥关键作用,提示其在学习记忆中的可能作用。本项申请拟在此基础上,综合使用脑片电生理、海马相关学习记忆行为测试及生化等实验方法,通过在体海马转染病毒以急性敲减PKCι/λ或PKMζ,以及采用条件性敲除小鼠,试图明确PKCι/λ或PKMζ在突触可塑性及学习记忆中的作用,并阐明其作用机制,为将来以非典型PKC为靶标的记忆干预提供新思路。
PKMζ一直被认为在记忆的长期维持与存储中起重要作用,但近几年在PKMζ敲除动物上的结果对PKMζ在记忆中的作用提出了质疑。而另一种非典型PKC亚型PKCι/λ则可能成为在记忆中发挥作用的潜在替代者。因此,这两种非典型PKC亚型在记忆维持维持中的作用仍不确定。在本项目支持下,我们的研究发现分别敲减背侧海马CA1区PKCι/λ和PKMζ能分别影响LTP的早期表达与后期维持,或者分别影响记忆早期巩固与后期存储。生化结果也发现这两种非典型PKC亚型的活性形式在LTP和记忆的早期和后期先后增加。因此,这两种非典型PKC亚型在LTP和记忆的早期和后期分别发挥作用,而且PKMζ确实在记忆维持阶段发挥作用。这两种分子以先后接力形式发挥作用可能代表调节记忆不同阶段的一种精细分子机制。我们有进一步构建了PKCι/λ海马CA1区锥体细胞特异性敲除小鼠模型。发现PKCι/λ在海马CA1区敲除之后LTP及CA1相关脑功能均表现正常。对于LTP和条件恐惧的不同阶段磷酸化蛋白含量的分析发现,海马中的另一种非典型PKC的亚型PKMζ在LTP表达阶段和条件恐惧早期记忆阶段中异常性地增加,并运用PKMζ 介导的NSF和GluA2结合的阻断剂pep2m、SNARE蛋白依赖的胞吐阻断剂TeTx和对LTP表达阶段的突触后致密组织提取物的分析共同表明,PKCι/λ敲除动物中LTP的表达可能是以PKMζ依赖的分子机制为基础的。研究结果进一步提示PKCι/λ在LTP和记忆早期阶段的重要生理作用。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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