生态因子作用下基因组DNA甲基化对宁夏枸杞品质形成的调控机制研究

Ecology is an important factor to affect the quality of Chinese medicinal materials. After the introduction and cultivation of Lycium barbarum L.in Ningxia to different ecological environments, apparent epigenetic variation and quality differentiation have occurred, but the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. Hereby, we hypothesize that ecological factors regulate the expression of multiple metabolites through epigenetic variation, and further affect the quality of Lycii Fructus. Following works will be carried out: (1) Research on the composition and the difference in the levels of various metabolites in Lycii Fructus based on plant metabolomics to reveal material basis for the formation and difference of Lycii Fructus quality; (2) Research on the level and difference of DNA methylation modification in genome to reveal the internal source of epigenetic variation and quality difference; (3) Research on the differences of ecological factors in different areas to reveal the effects of various ecological factors on the DNA methylation and quality formation of Lycii Fructus. The research may provide the epigenetic mechanism of quality formation and differentiation of Lycii Fructus and reveal the scientific connotation of ecological factors regulation on the quality of Lycii Fructus.

生态因素是影响中药材品质形成的重要因素。宁夏枸杞经引种栽培至其他不同生态产区后，发生了明显的表观遗传变异及品质分化，但其内在原因尚未系统阐明。本项目提出“生态因素通过影响宁夏枸杞基因组表观遗传变异，调控枸杞子中多种代谢产物的表达，进而影响宁夏枸杞药材品质”的科学问题。拟开展工作：（1）基于植物代谢组学的宁夏枸杞多种代谢产物组成及水平差异研究，揭示枸杞品质形成及差异的物质基础；（2）宁夏枸杞基因组DNA甲基化修饰水平及差异性研究，揭示宁夏枸杞表观遗传变异及品质差异的内在根源；（3）不同产区生态因子差异性研究，揭示多种生态因子对宁夏枸杞DNA甲基化及品质形成的作用。以期较为系统地阐释宁夏枸杞品质形成和分化的表观遗传学机制，揭示生态因子调控宁夏枸杞品质的科学内涵。

宁夏枸杞经引种栽培至其他不同生态产区后，发生了明显的表观遗传变异及品质分化，本项目提出“生态因素通过影响宁夏枸杞基因组表观遗传变异，调控枸杞子中多种代谢产物的表达，进而影响宁夏枸杞药材品质”的科学问题。主要研究内容：（1）基于植物代谢组学的宁夏枸杞多种代谢产物组成及水平差异研究，揭示枸杞品质形成及差异的物质基础；（2）宁夏枸杞基因组DNA甲基化修饰水平及差异性研究，揭示宁夏枸杞表观遗传变异及品质差异的内在根源；（3）不同产区生态因子差异性研究，揭示多种生态因子对宁夏枸杞DNA甲基化及品质形成的作用。主要研究结果：（1）构建了枸杞子中包括复杂混合物、粗提物、组分群、单体化合物等不同水平的各类型初生和次生代谢产物群的制标准物质库/信息库；（2）对采集自我国六个主要生态产区的枸杞子代谢物组成及水平差异分析与评价，揭示了不同生态环境中枸杞子多种代谢产物的分布规律、组成规律及变化规律；（3）建立了适用于宁夏枸杞基因组DNA甲基化修饰研究的技术平台并完成了不同产区宁夏枸杞DNA甲基化水平及模式差异性研究，发现宁夏枸杞DNA甲基化特征表现出明显的地域相关性，并与温度、降水量和土壤酸碱度等生态因子密切相关；（4）基于转录组学和植物代谢组学，发现个生态产区所产枸杞子在多条代谢途径上存在差异，其中苯丙素生物合成途径上显著富集；与宁夏所产枸杞子相比，其余各产地枸杞子主要的差异代谢物主要为为黄酮类、异黄酮类、生物碱类、氨基酸类和脂肪酸类，进一步确认了环境因素通过影响枸杞子代谢通路上基因的表达及其下游代谢物而影响其品质。（5）枸杞子中多部位有效成分与其传统功效发挥密切相关，符合中药多成分多部位多靶点作用特点。通过本项目的研究，较为系统地阐释宁夏枸杞品质形成和分化的表观遗传学机制，揭示生态因子调控宁夏枸杞品质的科学内涵。