新型三维碳纳米材料调控骨髓间充质干细胞在股骨头坏死治疗上的作用研究

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a intractable disease in orthopedics, and it is critical to induce osteogenic differentiation of MSCs directed toward osteoblasts for treatment. Stem cell differentiation is controlled by the microenvironment around the stem cells. Recent studies on carbon nanomaterials have made great progress in demonstrating the differentiation ability of MSCs. Graphene/single-walled carbon nanotubes (G/SWCNT) hybrids is 3D structure which has been constructed by combining 1D single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and 2D graphene. Based on the previous research that the cytotoxicity of G/SWCNT hybrids is low, we report a systematic investigation of the cytotoxicity and in vivo biodistribution of G/SWCNT hybrids. And, we investigated the interactions between G/SWCNT hybrids and rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) and focused on the proliferation and differentiation of rMSCs treated with G/SWCNT hybrids. After treated with G/SWCNT hybrids, we inject rMSCs into the animal model, and position their differentiation in vivo, with an aim to improve the perfusion of ischemic femoral heads and provide a new way for therapy of ONFH.

股骨头缺血性坏死是骨科常见的难治性疾病，诱导干细胞向成骨细胞分化和体外成骨对该疾病的治疗有积极作用，同时这种分化受到细胞外微环境的调控。之前研究成果已证明碳纳米材料可以作为成骨诱导剂的平台，促进骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化。石墨烯/单壁碳纳米管杂合物（G/SWCNT）是一种新型三维结构的碳纳米材料，由一维的单壁碳纳米管和二维的石墨烯结合构成。通过我们前期研究证实了G/SWCNT具备较低的细胞毒性，本项目拟系统研究G/SWCNT的细胞毒性机制和在体内的生物分布代谢情况，以确定G/SWCNT的生物相容性；探索G/SWCNT对于兔骨髓间充质干细胞（rMSCs）增殖和分化的影响，以及其作用的分子机制；将G/SWCNT处理过的rMSCs，植入股骨头坏死动物模型中，观察对股骨头骨质的影响，以探索局部改善股骨头成骨的新途径，为股骨头坏死的治疗提供新思路。

股骨头缺血性坏死是骨科常见的难治性疾病，诱导干细胞向成骨细胞分化和体外成骨对该疾病的治疗有积极作用，同时这种分化受到细胞外微环境的调控。之前研究成果已证明碳纳米材料可以作为成骨诱导剂的平台，促进骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化。石墨烯/单壁碳纳米管杂合物（G/SWCNT）是一种新型三维结构的碳纳米材料，由一维的单壁碳纳米管和二维的石墨烯结合构成。本项目系统研究了G/SWCNT的细胞毒性机制和在体内的生物分布代谢情况，确定了G/SWCNT的生物相容性较好；探索G/SWCNT对于兔骨髓间充质干细胞（rMSCs）增殖和分化的影响，一定程度上弄清了其作用的分子机制；通过将G/SWCNT处理过的rMSCs，植入股骨头坏死动物模型中，观察对股骨头骨质的影响，完成动物实验，结果可以探索局部改善股骨头成骨的新途径，为股骨头坏死的治疗提供新思路。