金纳米粒子/细菌纤维素复合材料的制备及其性能研究

Hemostatic wound dressing plays a crucial role in national development strategy of biomedicine and the national economy. However, there is a widespread problem of low efficiency in hemostasis of existing wound dressing. In order to fully meet the development of medical care and the pursuit of health, designing high-efficiency wound dressings has become an urgent problem to be solved. In this project, a composite wound dressing, which is composed of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and bacterial cellulose (BC), is investigated on the base of hemostatic properties, interfacial interaction with blood and biocompatibility. We give BC preliminary hemostasis properties, and establish, optimize the composite matrix structure via the controllable oxidation and biological molecular modification. AuNPs with different sizes are introduced into the composite wound dressing system in order to further enhance the hemostatic performance, thus a high-efficiency hemostatic wound dressings containing nano-components is prepared by designing and controlling of material surface. The influence of surface topology and microstructure on the properties of composite dressings are investigated, subsequent with verifying by the biological model. The interfacial interaction between the composite hemostatic wound dressings and blood, as well as the influence of nano-components on the interfacial interaction and hemostasis, are studied and analyzed, so that we could reveal the enhancement mechanism brought by nano-components. The research of this project will provide basic theoretical support for the technological innovation of Chinese new generation of high-efficiency composite hemostatic wound dressings.

止血敷料在生物医学等国家科技战略发展方向及国民经济中发挥着至关重要的作用，但目前止血敷料普遍存在止血效能低的问题。为了充分满足医疗发展和对健康的追求，设计高效的止血敷料成为亟待解决的问题。本研究以含金纳米粒子(AuNPs)组元的细菌纤维素(BC)基复合止血敷料为研究对象，从敷料的止血性能、与血液界面相互作用及生物相容性等角度出发，通过对BC进行可控氧化和生物分子修饰，初步赋予其止血性能，确立和优化复合型敷料的基体结构；引入不同粒径和数量的AuNPs组元，设计和控制敷料表面的结构和性质，进一步增强止血性能，制备出高效的含纳米组元的复合止血敷料；研究表面拓扑结构和微观结构变化规律对复合敷料性能的影响，并通过生物学模型对其进行验证；研究含纳米组元的复合敷料与血液的界面相互作用，明确复合敷料的止血机制，揭示纳米组元对敷料止血性能的增强机理，为我国高效复合止血敷料的技术创新提供基础理论支持。

当今世界科技的发展日新月异，与此同时，医疗技术水平也在快速提高，手术治疗范围不断扩大，如何缩短手术时间，减少术中、术后出血都对加速患者伤愈有着重要的影响，尤其在各种突发事件及恶劣环境条件下，使创面在短时间内快速有效止血则是抢救生命最关键的环节。国内应用最广泛的医用可吸收止血材料基本均源于进口，因此自主研制出可应用于临床的止血材料具有非常重要的社会意义和经济效益。本项目利用细菌纤维素为原材料，通过可控氧化技术制备出了羧基含量可控的氧化细菌纤维素止血材料，并利用金纳米粒子对其进行表面改性，并探究了改性条件对材料各方面性能的影响。结果表明，金纳米粒子/氧化再生纤维素复合材料无细胞毒性。促凝血试验结果表明，金纳米粒子表面修饰的纤维能显著促进血小板的凝结，血小板粘附测定表明，金纳米粒子的负载能够促进血小板粘附。与未改性的纤维相比，金纳米粒子表面修饰的纤维能更有效地止血，其止血机制为金纳米粒子能增强血小板粘附和加速血液凝固，并且随着金纳米粒子负载量的增加,敷料止血性能增强。综合分析以上的结果，我们可以得出结论，本项目中制备的金纳米粒子/氧化细菌纤维素复合止血敷料有望成为一种高效的医用止血材料。