耐脱水蛋白与超干种子活力关系的研究

Ultradrying seed storage can obtain the same storage effect as the high moisture content under low temperature by reducing the moisture content (MC<5%). Scientists from many countries have agreed with the effect of increased storage-tolerance by ultradrying during decade. There is tight correlation between the vigor maintenance and the ability of dehydrating-tolerance. However, the reason of that has not been clearly known. So the studies on the mechanism of the seed dehydrating-tolerance have been considered the key to elucidate the storage-tolerance and the application of ultradrying technique. Our study starts with the proteins to discuss the mechanism of seed dehydrating-tolerance and the relationship between the tolerance and the seed vigor maintenance, which provides theory for determining the optimal moisture content of ultradried seeds. The results suggested: there is significantly positive correlation between the speed of seed dehydration and the content of lipoid; ultradrying treatment did not induce new heat-stable proteins. Moderate ultradrying treatment could induce to accumulate heat-stable proteins in embryo of peanut and mung bean seeds, but not soybean seed. It suggested that the heat-stable of protein was improved. The content of heat stable proteins in peanut seed was significantly greater than soybean and mung bean seeds, which was the possible reason of different ultradry-tolerance ability in different seeds. And a 36.3 kD heat-stable protein appeared only in seeds of rice cultivars (indica rice, waxy rice and hybrid rice) with ultra-drying tolerance. These results suggested that the special heat-stable proteins might be related to ultradrying tolerance.

通过不同脱水敏感性种子在脱水超干过程、贮藏期间和回水处理过程中耐脱水蛋白存在状况与特性变化规律以及膜系统变化的研究，探讨耐脱水蛋折与超干种子活力的关系。为在分子水平上提示种子赶干处理提高耐藏性的机理奠定基础，并为解决种子超干革命保存所需的最适合水量提供科学依据。同时也为该技术应用提供理论指导。