生物质基低维碳材料的控制制备及其在柔性器件中的应用研究

The development of flexible electronics and equipment attracts significant interests in recent years. Low-dimensional carbon materials are one kind of ideal materials for flexible electronics. It is of great importance to explore low cost and scalable preparation approaches for high performance flexible carbon materials. Biomass, a kind of natural materials with carbon as the major element, is widely supplied with various structures and morphologies. It is very promising to use biomass as the precursor to synthesize new types flexible carbon materials from both the side view of fundamental research and practical applications. In this project, we propose to prepare a series of low-dimensional flexible carbon materials from biomass with intrinsic hierarchical structures or macroscale woven structures by rationally designed high-temperature treatment processes. The dependence between the structures and properties of the biomass-derived carbon materials will be investigated and the mechanism will be studied. Flexible electronics based on the obtained biomass-derived low dimensional carbon materials will be fabricated and their applications in monitoring human health and body motions will be demonstrated. This project will shed light on the carbonization process and the structure-property relationship of biomass-derived low dimensional carbon materials, and will also explore a new approach for the preparation of high performance and low cost flexible carbon materials.

柔性可穿戴设备是智能器件与装备发展的重要趋势。低维碳材料是制备轻质柔性器件的理想材料之一。探索高性能、低成本的柔性碳材料与结构的制备是发展碳基柔性电子器件的必然需求。生物质是一类天然的富碳材料，其原料丰富，形貌多样而独特。以天然生物质为原料，探索新型柔性碳材料的制备具有重要的基础研究价值和实际应用潜力。本项目拟选取具有独特天然结构的低维生物质材料和具有宏观编制结构的天然纤维材料，通过对高温裂解与转化过程的调控，使其在碳化的同时保留原有结构和形貌的主要特征，从而获得结构独特、性能可调的低维碳材料；在此基础上，探索生物质基低维碳材料轻质柔性器件的制备、性能以及集成。该项目的研究对深入认识生物质基低维碳材料制备过程中的基础科学问题及其构效关系规律与本质具有重要意义，并将为高性能、低成本柔性碳材料的制备开辟一条新途径。

柔性可穿戴设备是智能器件与装备发展的重要趋势。低维碳材料是制备轻质柔性器件的理想材料之一。探索高性能、低成本的柔性碳材料与结构的制备是发展碳基柔性电子器件的必然需求。生物质是一类天然的富碳材料，其原料丰富，形貌多样而独特。以天然生物质为原料，探索新型柔性碳材料的制备具有重要的基础研究价值和实际应用潜力。本项目选取具有独特微纳天然结构和宏观织构的天然生物质材料，通过对高温裂解与转化过程的调控，使其在碳化的同时保留原有结构和形貌的主要特征，从而获得了结构独特、性能可调的碳材料，并在此基础上，实现了系列碳材料基柔性可穿戴器件的制备、性能以及集成。本项目实现了纤维素棉织物、各种织构的丝织物、针织结构的莫代尔织物和丝蛋白基纳米纤维无纺结构向具有柔性、导电性且保持原有织构的碳材料的制备，在此基础上实现了高灵敏应变传感器、温度传感器、压力传感器、有毒气体传感器以及柔性能源器件等多类柔性可穿戴器件的制备，并通过器件集成，实现了多功能器件，比如可实现六种生物标志物分析的汗液分析贴片、双功能电子皮肤、自供电式有毒气体检测服等智能系统的制备。本项目的研究对深入认识生物质基低维碳材料制备过程中的基础科学问题及其构效关系规律与本质具有重要意义，并为生物质基高性能、低成本柔性碳材料与器件的制备提供了新方案。