中国伞形科岩风属的分类学研究及系统修订

The genus Libanotis Haller ex Zinn has almost 30 species in Asia and Europe. There are 18 species (8 endmic) of this genus in China, more than any other country. The relationship of Libanotis and Seseli L. is controversial. Since its establishment authors have either accepted it as an independent genus or regarded it as a subgenus or a section of Seseli L.. Morphological characheristics between Libanotis and Seseli are not clear. Modern molecular studies find that Seseli is not monophyletic. But few species of Seseli and Libanotis in China were studied. More materials are needed for a taxonomic study to resolve this complex situation. Up to now the infrageneric classification of Libanotis is still controversial and has not yet been studied in the light of sequence data. With nine species can be used as Chinese medicinal herbs, Libanotis stand out as a genus of great economic importance. However, taxonomic confusions make it difficult to develop its medicinal value. We prefer to use both morphological and molecular systematics methods to study the phylogeny of Libanotis. Morphological characteristics of living plants and specimens will be examined to evaluate the taxonomic importance. Phylogenetic relationships will be investigated by nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences and rps16 and matK sequences using maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses. Morphological data, supplemented by observations of fruit anatomy and micromorphology, will be used to ascertain evolutionary relationships and confirm generic boundaries. Both morphological data and sequence data will be used to establish a new infrageneric classification of Libanotis and determine the exact number of species of Libanotis in China.

伞形科岩风属植物Libanotis Haller ex Zinn总数约30种，分布于欧亚大陆，我国产18种（8种特有），是拥有种类最多的国家。迄今为止有关该属的研究主要基于形态学和解剖学特征，其他学科较少。由于该属的形态特征与西风芹属相近，属内部分种因不同学者观点不同而游离于两属之间，致使该属与西风芹属的关系不明，甚至影响到该属的地位。由于缺乏深入研究，该属内部种间的分类关系也不清楚。国产岩风属虽然在《中国植物志》中进行了分组处理，但仍然存在关系不清的问题。我国岩风属植物已知有9个种可供药用，因分类混乱，影响了资源开发。本研究拟通过野外调查、形态观察和解剖学等研究，重新评价并筛选适当的分类性状，进行分支分析，同时进行分子系统学研究，构建系统树，探讨种间亲缘关系，对中国岩风属进行分类修订。该研究可为解决该属与西风芹属的关系和世界岩风属修订打下基础，也有利于该属植物资源的开发利用。

岩风属Libanotis Haller ex Zinn和西风芹属Seseli L.同属于伞形科芹亚科阿米芹族西风芹亚族，2属之间的关系一直存在争议，岩风属在《Flora of China》中存在独立成属和整体并入西风芹属2种处理方式。据《Flora of China》记载我国有岩风属18种，8种为特有种。我们通过查阅标本、文献和进行野外考察、引种栽培，对宏观和微观形态进行观察，利用果实进行解剖实验，对岩风属7个种西风芹属2个种的形态特征进行了重新描述。发表1新种老山岩风Libanotis laoshanensis W. Zhou et Q. X. Liu，将华山前胡Peucedanum ledebourielloides 处理为宽萼岩风 L. laticalycina的异名，准备发表新组合Libanotis ledebourielloides (K. T. Fu) Q. X. Liu & W. Zhou。将锐棱岩风暂做存疑处理。分子实验采用ITS, matK, rbcL, trnL-F和ycf1序列，单独和联合建树，对岩风属的种间亲缘关系进行了分析。并对岩风属条形码进行了研究，认为ITS序列可作为岩风属条形码的首选序列。利用形态学分析结果结合分子实验，建立了新的检索表和属下分类系统，将国产岩风属植物18种分为5个组。