Trichothecenes, as one class of secondary metabolites which fungi possess specifically, have several kinds of cytotoxic activity and draw a lot of attentions. Type D trichothecenes have an additional ring linking the C-4 and C-15 position, and the cytotoxic activities of which are better than those of type A and B, suggesting that type D trichothecenes have great potential to be lead compounds for the development of new antitumor drugs. However, biosynthetic pathway and gene cluster of type D trichothecenes are still undiscovered, especially for the functional genes responsible for macrocyclic structure formation with C-4 and C-15 side chains, which hinder further study of type D trichothecenes on bioactivity. In this study, the whole genome of Myrothecium roridum will be sequenced and biosynthesis gene cluster of trichothecene will be identified, to find out and characterize the key functional genes involved in forming macrocyclic structure of trichothecene. Furthermore, the putative key genes will be interrupted by modified CRISPR-Cas9, and the acquired mutant strains will be cultivated and fermented to detect structure and yield differences between wild type and mutant strains. This project will identify the crucial genes in biosynthetic pathway of type D macrocyclic trichothecenes, and lay a molecular foundation for promoting the study of trichothecene as antitumor lead compounds.
单端孢霉烯是一类真菌特有的次级代谢产物,因具有广泛的细胞毒活性而引起关注。其中D型单端孢霉烯含有独特的大环结构,其细胞毒活性要优于A型和B型,有开发成为抗肿瘤药物的潜力。然而,D型化合物的生物合成通路和生物合成基因簇尚未完全解析,尤其是负责C-4和C-15支链闭合成环的功能基因未得到鉴定,阻碍了该类化合物在生物学活性方面的进一步研究。本项目拟对露湿漆斑菌进行全基因组测序,对其单端孢霉烯生物合成基因簇进行解析,发掘出负责大环结构形成的关键功能基因,并通过分子克隆手段鉴定编码蛋白的酶学性质。同时利用CRISPR-Cas9技术敲除关键基因,通过检测突变株产物结构和产量的变化,验证被敲除基因的生物学功能。本项目将揭示D型大环单端孢霉烯生物合成通路的关键基因,为进一步促进单端孢霉烯作为抗肿瘤先导化合物的研究奠定坚实的理论基础。
单端孢霉烯是一类真菌特有的次级代谢产物,因具有广泛的细胞毒活性而引起关注。其中 D型单端孢霉烯含有独特的大环结构,其细胞毒活性要优于A型和B型,有开发成为抗肿瘤药物的潜力。然而,D型化合物的生物合成通路和生物合成基因簇尚未完全解析,尤其是负责C-4和 C-15支链闭合成环的功能基因未得到鉴定,阻碍了该类化合物在生物学活性方面的进一步研究。本项目对露湿漆斑菌的基因组和转录组进行测序,结合测序结果对其单端孢霉烯毒素生物合成基因进行了研究,初步绘制了单端孢霉烯生物合成基因簇,鉴定了tri3、tri17和tri18的基因功能。对tri18基因进行了体外表达和体内敲除,并结合化学和分子生物学手段进一步验证了tri18基因为露湿漆斑菌A553产生独特D型大环单端孢霉烯的关键基因。该研究结果为后期对该类毒素的减毒脱毒奠定理论基础。同时,通过对野生株A553 WT、突变株tri18-10#和回补株A553 -24#的发酵粗提物对SF-268、MCF-7、A549和HepG-2等肿瘤细胞系进行细胞毒活性研究。结果表明,在100 µg/mL作用浓度下,回补株A553-24#对SF-268、MCF-7表现出较为明显的细胞毒活性,尤其是对MCF-7肿瘤细胞株的抑制效果较为显著,抑制率达80.69% (顺泊为82.07%)。结合HPLC分析和QPCR验证,突变株tri18-10#产生了新的单端孢霉烯衍生物,并且与Epiroridin E的抗肿瘤活性相当;而回补株A553-24#产生了某些对MCF-7肿瘤细胞株有较为显著抑制效果的单端孢霉烯衍生物。此外,本项目还开展了露湿漆斑菌抗单端孢霉烯自我保护基因的相关研究,利用酿酒酵母毒素敏感株初步验证了部分基因的抗毒功能。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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