Neural stem cells (NSCs) are one of the promising candidates for the treatment of post-stroke neurorehabilitation, and the improvement of its proliferation and differentiation ability is expected to enhance its therapeutic benefit significantly. Studies have shown that the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, but the role of the agonist r-spondin (Rspo) protein on neural stem cells has not been reported. Our previous studies have found that Rspo proteins have high levels of expression in SVZ and SGZ in mice; Rspo can significantly promote the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in vitro. This project will determine 1) whether Rspo can coordinate with Wnt proteins to activate the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in neural stem cells; 2) Explore the role of Rspo in the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells and the neural/ motor function after stroke; 3) Preliminarily elucidate the molecular mechanism of synergia by Rspo and Wnt proteins on regulating the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. This project will reveal the regulation effect and mechanism of Rspo protein on neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation and provide experimental basis for the development of new biological macromolecular drugs to promote post-stroke neurorehabilitation.
神经干细胞在脑卒中后的神经康复中具有良好的治疗潜力,提高其增殖与分化能力有望显著增加其疗效。研究表明,Wnt/beta-catenin信号通路对神经干细胞增殖与分化有重要调节作用,但其激动剂R-spondin (Rspo)蛋白对神经干细胞的作用尚无报道。我们前期研究发现,Rspo在小鼠SVZ与SGZ脑区有较高水平的表达;在体外实验中Rspo可协同Wnt蛋白显著促进小鼠神经干细胞的增殖与分化。本项目将1)确定Rspo是否能协同Wnt蛋白激活神经干细胞中Wnt/beta-catenin信号通路;2)探索Rspo对小鼠脑卒中后神经干细胞增殖与分化、神经与运动功能的作用;3)初步阐明Rspo协同Wnt蛋白调控神经干细胞增殖与分化的分子机制。本项目将揭示Rspo蛋白对神经干细胞增殖与分化的调控作用与机制,为开发新的促进脑卒中后神经康复的生物大分子药物提供实验依据。
脑卒中是一种由于脑部供血中断而导致的急性脑血液循环障碍性疾病,具有发病率高、死亡率高、致残率高和复发率高的特点。根据发病原因和临床表现,脑卒中分为缺血性脑卒中和出血性脑卒中,其中缺血性脑卒中约占全部脑卒中的80%,它是由于脑部的血管狭窄或闭塞而导致的脑组织缺血缺氧性坏死。因此,尽快恢复缺血脑组织的血流供应是公认最有效的治疗方式。目前,临床上的缺血性脑卒中急性期治疗方法主要是通过药物溶栓(rtPA)、机械取栓以及常规药物治疗。但由于溶栓治疗的有效时间窗狭窄,即使在时间窗内实现了血流的再灌注,脑组织仍旧无法避免的受到缺血再灌注的损伤。Wnt信号转导对血脑屏障功能、神经元存活和成体神经发生至关重要,但由于Wnt蛋白的天然结构不适合作为药物直接进行静脉注射,其脂溶性结构域又与其生物活性直接相关,因此Wnt蛋白不适合用于中风治疗。本研究中发现的R-spondins (RSPOs)是一种水溶性的人体内源性小分子蛋白,在我们的研究中发现它能够强有力地增强Wnt信号,在成年小鼠大脑中广泛表达,并在缺血和再灌注损伤时上调。用其膜受体LGR5、ZNRF3和RNF43的可溶性胞外域中和内源性Rspo会增加小鼠卒中模型的脑梗死体积。而静脉注射RSPOs蛋白可显著减少脑梗死,改善卒中后的神经功能障碍。从机制上研究发现,RSPOs的神经保护作用依赖于LGR4/ZNRF3介导的内皮细胞和神经元中的经典Wnt/beta-catenin信号通路的增强, 进而促进血脑屏障完整性以及神经元的存活。此外, RSPOs可促进脑卒中后神经干/祖细胞的增殖和迁移,进而促进脑卒中后神经发生。综上所述,我们发现了一种以前未报道过的神经保护和促神经发生机制,并研究了重组RSPO蛋白在缺血性卒中中的治疗前景。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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