贮藏期间鸡蛋呼吸规律及其对品质的作用机制

The shelf life of eggs is very short, each year there is a huge waste caused by the deterioration due to improper storage of eggs. Respiration and quality of egg are closely related. So the research on the egg respiration is essential to storage and freshness. Two kinds of common egg of our country are selected as the research object in this project. The relationship between the exchange rules of eggs with outside oxygen and carbon will be studied systematically. It is proposed to start from the conventional storage conditions and different environmental conditions. Analysis of the influence of temperature field, humidity field and concentration field of the environment on the egg respiration , mass transfer of eggshell and the relation of eggshell ultrastructure and its respiration will be resolved by means of modern instrumental analysis. The relationship will be explored between egg respiration and the growth of microorganisms, the changes of the internal quality and nutrients of eggs using statistical methods. Correlation model of egg quality and respiration intensity will be established based on PLS. And to establish the best gas storage preservation conditions of egg. Expected results can not only reveal the respiration rules of egg and its quality deterioration mechanism, but also provide the technical foundation for the storage and freshness of eggs.

鲜蛋保质期短，每年由于贮藏不当导致鸡蛋变质而造成巨大浪费。鸡蛋的呼吸作用与其品质息息相关，因此研究鸡蛋呼吸规律对贮藏保鲜至关重要。本项目以我国常见的两种鸡蛋为研究对象，围绕鸡蛋与外界氧气、二氧化碳的交换规律及其与品质变化的关系开展系统研究，拟从常规贮藏条件及改变环境条件（温度、湿度、外界气体浓度）入手，通过现代仪器分析手段解析蛋壳超微结构变化与呼吸作用的关联，分析环境温度场、湿度场、浓度场对鸡蛋呼吸强度的影响，对蛋壳传质的作用机理；用统计学等方法探寻鸡蛋呼吸作用与蛋内微生物生长、鸡蛋内部品质及营养成分变化的相关性；应用PLS等方法构建鸡蛋品质与呼吸强度的相关模型，确立鸡蛋最佳气调贮藏保鲜条件。预期成果不仅可以揭示鸡蛋呼吸对品质的作用机理，还可为禽蛋的贮藏保鲜提供技术基础。

我国蛋品消费以鲜蛋为主。新鲜鸡蛋在贮藏期间易发生质变，既造成了巨大的经济损失还影响到食品安全。蛋品主流贮藏方法有冷藏法、涂膜法与气调法，其原理均是抑制鸡蛋与外界进行物质交换，因此鸡蛋品质保障及贮藏的关键在于抑制其呼吸强度。为了确立鸡蛋最佳贮藏环境因素（温湿度、二氧化碳与氧气浓度），本项目以多品种鸡蛋为研究对象，探究贮藏期间不同气调方法对鸡蛋呼吸作用与品质的影响机制，并应用CFD技术对气调过程进行模拟，研发应用于气调箱的贮藏保鲜控制系统，为鸡蛋贮藏的瓶颈问题提供有效应对措施。