关联成像若干基本问题研究

Correlated imaging provides a novel method for imaging, which exhibits properties of nonlocal imaging and lenless imaging. It promises exceeding previous optical imaging methods considering robustness and higher resolution, therefore can be used in the field of radar and biology imaging, which draws many researchers' interests. In this project, we focus on several fundamental problems.The debate on the physics of correlated imaging with pseudothermal source will be clarified and the predominances of correlated imagin compared with previous optical imaging methods will be validated. Furthermore, the physics of such predominances will be identified. Methods for detailed discribing pseudothermal light field will be introduced and the performance of correlated imaging will be quantificationally analyzed. Based on this, how to design and optimze the system of correlated imaging for practical utility will be discussed. The reason that why the method of compressed sampling can be used for improve the performance of correlated imaging will be analyzed and possible techniques for further improving the quality of imaging will be discussed. Many parallel experiments will be demostrated on the system of quantum imaging with entanglement, double-arm correlated imaging with pseudothermal light and single-arm correlated imaging with pseudothermal light. Comparison between those experiments will be done in order to meet the object of this project. Researches on these fundamental problems will deepen our understanding on correlated imaging and high-order coherence of optical field, and are essential process for practical using of correlated imaging. Our results will solid the basis of theory and techniques for developping correlated imaging into practical utility.

关联成像是一种全新的成像模式，具有非局域成像、可无透镜成像等特性，在抗干扰、高分辨成像等方面有超越现有光学成像系统极限的潜力，在目标探测、生物医学成像等方面有广阔的应用前景，引起了广泛的研究兴趣。本项目拟针对关联成像中几个亟待解决的基本问题开展研究：试图解决有关赝热光关联成像物理解释的争议，确定关联成像的优势并区分其优势的物理根源；对赝热光场进行更全面的描述，对关联成像性能开展定量分析，探讨关联成像实际应用系统的优化设计；分析压缩采样方法引入关联成像带来性能提升的物理机制及其极限，研究进一步提高成像效果的手段。以实验为主，对纠缠光量子成像、双臂赝热光关联成像、单臂赝热光关联成像等多种系统开展对比研究。对这些基本问题的研究将加深对关联成像及光场高阶相干性的理解，是关联成像走向实际应用的必由之路。相关研究成果将为关联成像的实际应用奠定理论和技术基础。

关联成像是一种全新的成像模式，近年来得到了广泛关注和快速发展。这一新型成像模式具有很多传统成像所没有的特性，如物像分离、可实现无透镜成像、可实现非相干光源衍射成像、可实现极弱光成像等，且在抗干扰、高灵敏度成像等方面有超越传统成像系统极限的潜力，已成为当前成像探测技术领域的热点研究方向。本课题从关联成像基本问题入手，研究了关联成像物理解释及其特点和优势，结合实际应用条件研究了赝热光场设计和成像新方案，探讨了压缩采样在关联成像中所起的作用，并探索了关联成像在一些实际情况下的应用方案。主要取得了以下成果：.1）研究了关联成像的物理解释，基本明确了关联成像与经典主动照明光学成像相比的主要优势与不足；.2）研究了关联成像的性能，给出了赝热光源评价方案和优化原则，探究了多种不同情况下赝热光场的特性；.3）研究了压缩采样提升关联成像性能的主要原因；.4）实验上验证了关联成像在抗散射方面的优势；.5）提出一种反馈式计算关联成像方案并进行了实验验证，可大幅度减少稀疏场景成像所需的数据量，并提高图像重构速度；.6）面向关联成像的拓展应用，实现了时间域计算关联成像，能够利用一个慢探测器实现对快变信号的有效检测；研究了运动物体的关联成像；.7）开展了弱值放大实验研究，将弱值放大与平衡测量相结合提出一种新的精密测量方案并实现了对低速偏振转动转速的精密测量，初步探讨了其与关联成像思想的结合。.这些成果对于关联成像的深入理解、在实际条件下的转化应用都有较好的指导作用。其中部分研究成果已得到实际应用。相关方法和思想也可能推广到其他领域加以应用。在本项目的支持下，共发表SCI检索论文14篇，其中1篇发表在Phys Rev Lett，2篇发表在Opt Lett，3篇发表在Opt Express，1篇Phys Rev A。申请专利2项。