The fragile ecological environment is deteriorated in the process of coal mining in the western mine area. It is increasingly prominent to coal resource development and environmental protection. The specificity of surface movement law depends on special geological and mining conditions, combining of shallow coal seam and rapid mining, which is different from that under the conditions of low mining. Based on the surface measured data of western typical mine area, the comprehensive literature search, measured data calculation and analysis, theoretical analysis, and field applications will be used to comprehensively analyze surface movement laws, subsidence prediction method and subsidence control in shallow coal seam with rapid mining. According to surface movement measured data, surface dynamic and static movement laws will be researched, and the relationships of surface movement law, parameters with rapid mining will be established, due to both different coal mining methods and different the overburden rock types with rapid mining, compared with surface movement laws with low mining. Based on the assumption of Knothe dynamic subsidence and probability integration method, surface movement and deformation prediction uniform model and prediction method will be established. Introduction of surface movement and deformation velocity, the new damage level of evaluation methods and indicators of surface construction(structures), and surface cracks are to be determined. Then the calculation model of rapid mining formed, the reasonable working face mining for reducing surface damage is to be proposed. The study not only complements the surface mining subsidence and strata control theory, but also plays an important scientific value and strategic significance for rational mining resources, environmental protection and sustainable development of western mine area.
西部矿区在煤炭开采过程中使原本脆弱的生态环境日益恶化,煤炭开发与环境保护日益突出。浅埋和快速开采相结合的特殊地质采矿条件,决定其地表移动规律的特殊性。本课题以西部矿区典型矿井地表移动实测资料为基础,拟采用文献综合检索、实测资料分析与计算、理论分析、现场应用等多种研究手段,综合分析浅埋快速开采条件下地表移动规律、预计方法及沉陷控制。根据地表移动实测资料,分析快速开采条件下地表移动规律,建立开采速度与地表移动规律、地表移动参数间的关系;基于Knothe动态地表移动模型的假设,结合概率积分法,将开采速度变量引入到地表沉陷预计模型,构建地表沉陷动、静态统一预计方法;引入地表移动变形速度,确定新的地表建(构)筑物、地表裂缝损坏等级的评价方法和评价指标;构建开采速度计算模型,求得工作面最优秀开采速度。研究可补充矿山开采沉陷理论,而且对促进西部煤炭资源高效合理开采、生态环境保护等具有重要理论和现实意义。
我国西部矿区煤炭高效开采使原本脆弱的生态环境日益恶化,煤炭开发与环境保护的矛盾日益突出。浅埋深和快速开采相结合的地质采矿条件,决定其地表移动规律的特殊性。目前缺乏相关成果供西部矿区借鉴,亟待补充和完善。以西部矿区典型矿井地表移动实测资料为基础,采用实测资料分析与计算、理论分析等多种研究手段,综合分析和探索了浅埋快速开采条件下地表移动规律、地表沉陷预测模型、建筑物损坏评价方法和指标,以及优化工作面开采速度的沉陷控制措施等研究内容。. (1)通过对杨家村煤矿和阳湾沟煤矿等典型矿井地表移动实测资料分析,得出地表沉陷规律总体符合地表沉陷一般规律,但有其特殊性:工作面推进速度越大,超前影响角越大,最大下沉速度角越小;地表下沉量的95%以上集中在地表移动活跃期,且地表移动初始期短,一般小于7天。. (2)通过对34个地表移动实测站回归分析,得出:浅埋煤层工作面开采速度与地表移动参数相关性较小,单一根据工作面开采速度较难定量确定地表移动参数。. (3)引入“地表移动变形速度”概念分析地表移动实测资料,得出:地表移动变形速度与相应地表沉陷规律具有不一致性,即地表沉陷值不大或没达到最大值,但地表移动变形速度却很大。这一认识对于建筑物等受护对象的保护有着重要指导作用。. (4)通过对地表下沉速度规律分析,得出地表下沉速度分布近似正态分布,根据经典运动学理论,构建了利用地表下沉速度进行地表沉陷预测的统一模型。. (5)基于矿山开采沉陷的基本理论,依据我国的建筑物损坏等级的划分标准及其损坏程度特点,给出了以地表沉陷速度进行建筑物损坏评价的指标参考值。. (6)根据建筑物损坏评价指标值,基于地表沉陷预测模型,构建了建筑物低损坏的工作面开采速度计算模型和优化设计理论。. 研究可补充矿山开采沉陷理论及其沉陷控制,对促进煤炭资源高效合理开采、生态环境保护等具有重要理论和现实意义。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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