都市郊区农村居民点产住空间权衡机理及协同机制研究：以天津市为例

It is of great significence to clarify the trade-off mechanism of productive and dwelling space of rural settlements and its synergy control nowadays in China, which is one of the basic means to improve the rural habitat environment and adjust rural residential land inner structure. With the development of social and economic, productive and dwelling space of rural settlements gradually diversified, which presents reciprocal tradeoffs. These changes distinguish from the abandonment and hollowing of productive and dwelling space of rural settlements in traditional agricultural area. However, current researches mainly consider the rural settlements as a single entity, tend to neglected its inner production and dwelling space. Under these conditions, in this project , the theory of multi-function of land use and the classification principle of ecological-living-industrial space are applied to classify the productive and dwelling space of rural settlements. And the calculating methods of tradeoffs and synergies of ecosystem services are applied to measure the trade-off relation of settlements space. Taking Tianjin, a typical metropolitan suburbs as a study area, this research integrates multi-source technology and methods such as mathematical model, remote data, GIS technology and spatial mapping as well as field researches. This project mainly analyses the trade-off of the space of dwelling, industrial production and commercial service of rural settlements in metropolitan suburbs. And then , the evolution mechanism of productive and dwelling space of rural settlements and its adaptation mechanisms between geographical environment background were studied. Afterwards, the quantity configuration optimization standard and its realization mechanism will be reestablished. the project can promote the research construction of rural residential land transition, which would enrich the research method of the evolution of rural settlements, and suggest ways for national policy adjustment of rural land use adjustment, as well as provide guidance on current events of land resources management, such as rural revitalization, rural spatial planning, etc..

农村居民点产住空间权衡机理及协同机制是农村居民点用地内部结构优化和农村人居环境改善的科学基础。社会经济转型发展中，都市郊区农村居民点产住空间逐渐多样化且呈现此消彼长的权衡变化，显著区别于传统农区村庄产住空间的废弃和空心化，但当前研究多将农村居民点视为一个整体，较少从微观层面对其内在复杂空间的系统解析。本项目综合土地利用多功能理论和“三生”空间划分框架，引入生态系统服务权衡-协同测度方法，以天津市为例，综合运用“3S”技术、实地调研、空间制图和数理模型等技术方法，剖析都市郊区农村居民点居住空间及工业、商服等生产空间相互关联中此消彼长的权衡关系及其组织规律，揭示农村居民点产住空间权衡机理及其与地域环境的互适关系，探索农村居民点产住空间协同的实现机制。在理论上扩充农村居民点转型研究的框架与方法，在政策上为农村土地政策调整提出建议，在实践中为乡村振兴及乡村空间规划提供决策支撑。

农村居民点产住空间权衡机理及协同机制是农村居民点用地内部结构优化和农村人居环境改善的科学基础。社会经济转型发展进程中，农村居民点产住空间逐渐多样化且呈现此消彼长的权衡变化。本项目综合POI抓取、实地调研、数理模型等技术方法，以天津市西青区和蓟州区、浙江省温州市、山东省东营市等地区为例，进行农村居民点产住空间权衡与协同研究。结果表明：（1）农村居民点产住空间权衡是农户根据生产生活需求变化对各种功能空间进行选择与取舍，引发农村居民点生产居住各类空间呈现此消彼长的权衡变化，可分为居住—工业空间权衡型、居住—商业空间权衡型、居住—出租空间权衡型和多空间权衡型。（2）随着经济发展，农村居民点产住空间权衡强度增加，旅游村、工业村和商服村表现为住宅用地占比下降，工矿仓储、商服及公共服务用地占比增加，空间多样化和混合趋势明显；农业村形成路径依赖，住宅用地占比提升，逐渐发展为居住型社区；（3）土地利用多功能性及工业化、城镇化引发的空间多样化是农村居民点产住空间权衡的基本前提，农户对土地多功能的取舍是直接决定性因素，土地利用控制及村庄规划缺位加剧了权衡强度。（4）农村居民点产住空间权衡提升了农户生计水平、促进了农村发展活力，但也引发农村生产居住空间混杂、人居环境恶化等负效应。（5）提出基于遗传算法的农村居民点产住空间协同思路：将农村居民点内部用地数量结构的变化设为变量，测算不同利用结构下农村居民点用地多功能，以农户的生产、居住及生活功能需求为目标，设定能够规避农户土地利用行为产生的外部性问题的用地类型组合（容积率、商住比、绿化度等）的合理阈值作为约束条件，通过水平维度的混合，以及垂直维度的复合，满足农户需求效用目标的同时，实现农村居民点产住空间协同优化。本项目在理论上扩充了农村居民点转型研究的框架与方法，在政策上能为农村土地政策调整提供建议，在实践中可为村庄规划及乡村振兴提供决策支撑。