UHRF1 (ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1) is an epigenetic regulator that is involved in the regulation of DNA and histone methylation and many other cellular events. The UHRF1 is frequently found to be overexpressed in various human cancers, and its overexpression has been associated with pro-tumorigenic effects such as protection from apoptosis and high metastatic potential. Consistent with this observation, down-regulation of UHRF1 in cancer cells has been shown to have anti-tumor effects represented by increased apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these pro-tumorigenic effects of UHRF1 overexpression in cancers still remain unclear. Our preliminary data revealed that the UHRF1 is also highly expressed in retinoblastoma, and the genomes of retinoblastoma have differential DNA methylation patterns compared to those of normal retina. Given the well-known functions of UHRF1 in the regulation of DNA methylation and frequent deregulation of DNA methylation in cancer genomes, we hypothesize that the overexpressed UHRF1 contributes to aberrant DNA methylation in retinoblastoma genomes. Therefore, we attempt to investigate the effects of UHRF1 overexpression on genome-wide DNA methylation in retinoblastoma cells, and how the UHRF1-mediated deregulation of DNA methylation influences gene expression and thereby affects retinoblastoma tumorigenesis. The systemic analyses of DNA methylation changes and their impact on gene expression after UHRF1 down-modulation in retinoblastoma cells will help better understand the pro-tumorigenic functions of UHRF1 in deregulation of DNA methylation in retinoblastoma. Accordingly, this study may provide mechanistic explanations on the therapeutic potential of the UHRF1 targeting in retinoblastoma and other cancers overexpressing UHRF1.
UHRF1 (ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1)是一种表观遗传调节因子,它参与DNA和组蛋白的甲基化及其它的细胞活动。研究显示UHRF1在各种人体肿瘤中常有高水平表达,且其高表达与促进肿瘤发生相关,例如抑制肿瘤细胞凋亡,提高它们的转移潜能。然而UHRF1高表达促进肿瘤发生的分子机制目前却不清楚。我们初步的研究结果表明在视网膜母细胞瘤中亦有很高水平表达的UHRF1,并且对比正常视网膜,这些细胞基因组的DNA甲基化模式也有显著差异。由于已知UHRF1调节DNA甲基化,所以我们假设UHRF1过表达导致了视网膜母细胞瘤基因组的异常DNA甲基化,因此在本申请中我们提议对UHRF1过表达造成的差异甲基化进行全基因组分析。此项研究结果将对UHRF1介导的促视网膜母细胞瘤发生的分子机制提供新的视角。
UHRFI (ubiquitin-like with PHD and ring finger domains 1) 在包括视网膜母细胞瘤在内的各种人类癌症中高度表达,并与抑制细胞凋亡和促进细胞高度增殖等促瘤作用相关。然而,UHRF1在视网膜母细胞瘤中的促瘤作用的分子机制尚不清楚。虽然已知UHRF1在癌细胞DNA甲基化的异常调控中发挥重要作用,但我们对视网膜母细胞瘤细胞进行的DNA甲基化综合分析显示,UHRF1的促瘤功能在很大程度上并不依赖于其在DNA甲基化中的作用。通过进一步研究,我们发现UHRF1下调提高了视网膜母细胞瘤细胞对etoposide(拓扑异构酶II抑制剂)和camptothecin(拓扑异构酶I抑制剂)等常规化疗药物的敏感性,并引起XRCC4的下调,而XRCC4作为参与非同源性末端连接修复的一个因子,其下调阻碍了DNA修复,从而加剧DNA损伤和细胞凋亡。除了基因毒性化疗药物外,我们发现UHRF1下调还增加了视网膜母细胞瘤细胞对组蛋白去乙酰化酶(HDAC)抑制剂的敏感性,而该抑制剂已成功用于治疗其他人类癌症。通过转录组分析,我们发现视网膜母细胞瘤细胞中的UHRF1下调降低了两种活性氧(ROS)解毒基因GSTA4和TXN2的表达,而GSTA4和TXN2的下调反过来又增加了UHRF1下调的视网膜母细胞瘤细胞内的氧化应激,并有助于增强由HDAC抑制剂驱动的ROS介导的细胞凋亡敏感性。此外,我们对小鼠原位异种移植的临床前研究表明,在视网膜母细胞瘤细胞中UHRF1下调的确提高了HDAC抑制剂MS-275的治疗效果。既然UHRF1下调都提高了视网膜母细胞瘤细胞对常规基因毒性药物和HDAC抑制剂的敏感性,那么使用这两种药物进行联合治疗应该是有效的。通过联合治疗,可以减少每种药物的剂量以达到类似或更好的治疗效果,同时降低非癌细胞的细胞毒性。此外,由于正常视网膜缺乏UHRF1表达,因此在荷瘤眼睛中进行UHRF1靶向治疗是一种有效策略,可以诱使这些药物产生选择性治疗的效果。综上所述,我们在本项目中发现了UHRF1在视网膜母细胞瘤细胞中的几种促瘤机制,并为UHRF1靶向治疗有利于提高目前视网膜母细胞瘤化疗疗效提供了依据。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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