超声造影对兔颈动脉滋养血管和动脉粥样硬化斑块新生血管的实验研究

In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that neovascularization is a common character of atherosclerotic disease. Neovascularization was more obvious in vulnerable parts of the unstable plaque and frangible plaques. It was significantly associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in clinic and was considered to be an important risk factor for atherosclerosis development. It was reported that, most of the neovascularization within the plaque was nourished by the adventitial vascular. So, early evaluation of the adventitial vascular and the neovascular in the plague by using radiologic techniques was important for the prediction and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents. .This study was design to reveal the etiology of atherosclerosis to provide theoretical basis of the early diagnosis of atherosclerosis. In this study, we established a rabbit atherosclerotic model. The adventitial vascular and the neovascular in the plague were assessed by contrast ultrasound. Association between the blood perfusion and the vascular was explored by pathological and immunohistochemical methods.

近年来，大量研究表明新生血管是动脉粥样硬化疾病普遍存在的特征, 新生血管在不稳定性斑块及斑块的易损部位更为明显,它是动脉粥样硬化发生发展的重要危险因素,与临床心脑血管事件的发生显著相关。有报道，斑块内的新生血管绝大部分来源于血管的外膜滋养血管，因此，应用影像学技术评估血管外膜滋养血管及斑块内新生血管, 在早期发现动脉粥样硬化病变部位及辨识斑块稳定性,预测心脑血管意外的发生及早期预防，评价临床治疗疗效等方面具重要作用。.本课题通过构建家兔动脉粥样硬化模型，利用超声造影方法，观察兔颈总动脉外膜滋养血管与斑块内新生血管的情况，研究血流灌注方式，探索两者之间的关系，同时采用病理及免疫组织化学方法，证实两者在动脉粥样硬化中的作用和相互关系，为揭示动脉粥样硬化病因学及临床早期诊断动脉粥样硬化提供理论依据。

本项目按原计划完成。在本课题中我们顺利完成了不同时期动脉粥样硬化模型的制作，掌握了不同时期动脉粥样硬化模型制备的喂养条件，高脂浓度，手术的方式及时机。通过我们的实验设计利用USphere™ 造影剂十分清晰显示了外膜滋养血管增生的情况，以及斑块内新生血管及灌注的方式。同时以病理学为金标准，为斑块的稳定性评价提供了良好的影像学诊断依据，这也是国内首次在动物模型中完成外膜滋养血管及斑块内新生血管影像学诊断，为动脉粥样硬化性疾病，以及斑块稳定性的检测、治疗效果的评估提供了一种新的方法。在本项目中，我们还进行了有关外膜滋养血管和斑块的基因表达的检测，为心脑血管疾病的基因诊断和治疗提供了新的思路。在本项目中，有两篇相关文章发表，均为SCI，还有两篇文章处于Review状态。