基于UVB紫外与活性氯联用的氧化消毒协同水处理技术的基础与应用研究

The combination of UV irradiation and chlorination process, i.e., UV/chlorine, can achieve the in-situ advanced oxidation process during the conventional chlorination process, which enhances the elimination of various micropollutants and the deactivation of chlorine-resistant pathogens. Most studies focused on the applications of the UVA from sunlight or the UVC from low-pressure mercury light; while the novel deep-UVB light emitting diode (LED), with merits of high theoretical efficiency, frequent switching, and environment-friendly material, has become commercially available. This project proposes a novel oxidation and disinfection technology - UVB/Cl2 - using LED as light source. This research aims to the assessment and evaluation of the efficiency, mechanism and risks of the UVB/Cl2 process, which includes the following activities: (1) study on the efficiency of chlorine photolysis and its related influence factors; (2) explore the efficiency and mechanism of the UVB/Cl2 on the decomposition of dissolved organic matter and micropollutants; (3) investigate on the formation of disinfection byproducts and the enhanced factor of pathogen deactivation during UVB/Cl2. These studies are expected to promote the development of UVB-LED/Cl2 oxidation and disinfection technology in the modes of either centralization or distribution in the future.

紫外光与活性氯（UV/chlorine）的联用，可在传统加氯消毒工艺中原位引入高级氧化反应，进而实现对各类新兴污染物的高效去除和病原菌的强化灭活。目前国内外学者对UV/Cl2技术的研究主要限于日光UVA和低压汞灯UVC波段。近年来深紫外UVB波段半导体发光二极管（LED）光源实现商业生产，具有理论效率高、可频繁开关和环境友好等优点。本申请课题提出了基于UVB/Cl2联用氧化消毒协同水处理技术，旨在对UVB/Cl2的效率、机理与风险进行系统评价研究，包括：研究UVB/Cl2的光解效率与影响条件；探究UVB/Cl2联用对DOM组分和微污染物降解转化的作用效果与机制；考察UVB/Cl2联用过程中消毒副产物的生成机理与病原菌灭活机理和增强系数。本申请课题的研究成果可为将来基于深紫外LED光源的UVB/Cl2氧化消毒技术的集中式或分散式应用提供理论支撑。

紫外与活性氯（UV/chlorine）的联用，可在传统加氯消毒工艺中原位引入高级氧化反应，进而实现对各类新兴污染物的高效去除和病原菌的强化灭活。近年来AlGaN基紫外光电二极管LED已经实现商业化大规模生产，波长由285 nm逐渐发展至255 nm，为紫外氯联用工艺提供了新型光源。然而紫外/氯高级氧化与消毒工艺受紫外波长、光强、pH和水体基质影响，反应机理十分复杂，难以确定高效安全的氯投加量。. 本研究以紫外氯联用工艺中的消毒副产物生成控制为氯投加量的上限控制目标，建立了非离子抑制性IC-ESI-MS/MS的卤乙酸和溴酸盐检测方法，并成为《生活饮用水标准检验方法》GB/T5750-2020标准方法；基于该方法，系统探究了不同pH和辐射波长条件下紫外/氯联用及后续氯消毒过程中的卤乙酸、溴酸盐和急性毒性随氯投加量和紫外吸光度指标的变化规律，并与臭氧工艺相比较，为紫外氯联用工艺的氯投加量上限提出了控制策略。. 本研究以紫外氯联用工艺中的病原菌灭活作为氯投加量的下限控制目标，通过平板培养与流式细胞仪方法结合，并与传统臭氧和氯消毒工艺对比，评估了不同氧化剂投加量下，臭氧工艺和紫外氯联用工艺中的病原菌的膜损伤和DNA损伤随UVA254紫外吸光度和腐殖质类荧光光谱指标的变化规律，为基于光谱法在线监测的消毒工艺优化调控提供了理论依据。. 此外，研发了四款基于深紫外LED光源和宽禁带半导体光电探测器件的紫外吸收和荧光光谱法快速水质检测技术与产品，可以快速检测水中的溶解性有机物和硝态氮，并指导学生获2019年日内瓦国际发明展金奖、全国大学生挑战杯特别一等奖。