富氧含能配合物的定向合成、量热学及催化燃烧性能研究

It is the key to develop enviroment-friendly, low sensitivity and low charateristic signal energy combustion catalyst for improving the energy level and combustion performance of solid propellants. The project aims to construct the assembling framework including catalytic unit and energetic unit for preparing the energetic combustion catalysts with the requirements of five factors, energy, stability, sensitivity, catalytic effect and enviromental protection, that nitrogen atoms of triazole or tetrazole groups in energetic unit directionally coordinate to copper ions in catalytic unit of a oxygen-rich paddle-wheel-like Cu2(COO)4, acheving the controllable preparation of the green energetic combustion modifiers with low sensitivity.The in situ microcalorimetric work of the formation of the targets will be performed in order to elucidate the directional assembling of the catalytic unit with the energetic unit both in thermodynamical and thermokinetical aspects. Thermodynamic and physical properties, including the standard enthalpy of combustion, the low-temperature heat capacity, the standard enthalpy of formation and the sensitivity, will be measured in aim to provide necessary thermodynamic information for appliance. Finally, the catalytic combustion of the targets will be explored and evaluated. The results would provide theoretical and practical guidances for the directional synthesis of the green energetic combustion modifiers. In situ microcalorimetry of the formation and the exploration on the catalytic performance of the targets would be of significant importance theoretically and practically on constructing the relationship of design-structure-catalytic effect for the targets and improving of the combustion property and energy of the solid propellants.

发展环保、低感度、低特征信号的高能燃烧催化剂是改善推进剂燃烧性能并提高其能量水平的关键。本课题通过建构催化组元与能量组元，进行含能燃烧催化剂性质五要素"能量、稳定性、感度、催化效能及环保"于结构的表达，以能量组元中的三/四唑基团和富氧"轮桨"式催化组元Cu2(COO)4定向配位，实现燃烧催化剂的可控制备；开展含能配合物制备机理的原位微量热学研究，建立反应设计与物质结构的关联，为能量组元与催化组元定向自组装提供热力学和热动力学阐释。进行制备化合物的热力学性质研究，为其催化应用提供必需的热力学支持。试验添加含能配合物在推进剂配方中的燃烧效果，获得其作为燃烧催化剂的催化评价。研究结果将为绿色含能燃烧催化剂的定向制备提供理论借鉴和实践指导，含能配合物形成机理的微量热学研究及催化燃烧规律的探索对构建反应设计-结构-催化性能之间的关系、改善推进剂的燃烧性能并提高推进剂的能量具有重要的理论和应用价值。

发展环保、低感度、低特征信号的高能燃烧催化剂是改善推进剂燃烧性能并提高其能量水平的关键。本课题通过建构催化组元与能量组元，进行含能燃烧催化剂性质五要素“能量、稳定性、感度、催化效能及环保”于结构的表达，以能量组元中的三/四唑基团和富氧“轮桨”式催化组元种的Cu2+配位，实现燃烧催化剂的可控制备。研究共制备了44余种燃烧催化剂用含能化合物，并对其进行了较为全面的结构和理化性质表征。项目开展了含能配合物制备机理的原位微量热学研究，建立了反应设计与结构、能量特性的有效关联，为能量组元与催化组元定向组装提供了热动力学阐释。燃烧催化研究表明，含能化合物的氧平衡值和能量水平共同决定了燃烧催化剂的催化活性。研究结果将为含能燃烧催化剂的制备提供理论借鉴和实践指导，含能配合物形成机理的微量热学研究及催化燃烧规律的探索对构建反应设计-结构-催化性能之间的关系、改善推进剂的燃烧性能及并提高推进剂的能量具有重要的理论和应用价值。