PPP项目公众参与决策模型研究

To deal with the key issues that the public participation is deficient and the activities of public participation are lack of scientific basis in the decision-making practices of PPP projects, it is proposed and illustrated to construct the decision-making models concerning public participation in PPP projects. Firstly, recognize the influencing factors of the public participating in PPP projects and the influence that the public participation taking on the activities of decision making for PPP projects; Secondly, identify the degree of public participation in the decision-making process for PPP projects from three dimensions concerning width, depth and intensity, and then discuss the effective matching of the three dimensions on the basis of considering the influencing factors of the public participation and the influence of the activities on the decision making; Thirdly, with taking the degree of public participation in the decision-making process of PPP projects into account, propose participatory modeling based on the System Dynamics and construct multi-agent game model as well as analyze and illustrate the proposed models of public participation in the decision-making activities of PPP projects..The research is expected to deepen and better the theories and methods of the public participation and decision making in PPP projects. The research outcomes can provide some supports for balancing the interests among the public, the private and public sectors as well as operating the PPP projects more democratic and scientific.

为了解决PPP项目决策实践中公众参与不足、缺乏科学指导依据的关键问题，本课题拟构建基于公众参与的PPP项目决策模型并加以实证检验。第一，对PPP项目公众参与的影响因素以及公众参与对PPP项目决策的关键影响进行识别；第二，围绕PPP项目决策公众参与的广度、深度和力度三个维度展开研究，在考虑PPP项目公众参与影响因素和公众参与对PPP项目决策关键影响的基础上，分析三个维度之间的有效匹配以探究PPP项目决策的公众参与度；第三，在公众参与度约束下，对公众参与的PPP项目决策进行系统动力学的协同建模以及多主体博弈模型的构建，进而对已建立的决策模型进行实证检验和适用性分析，得到促进我国PPP项目公众参与决策的实践操作建议。.本课题研究是对PPP项目公众参与和PPP项目决策理论与方法的深化与完善，研究成果有助于均衡社会公众、政府部门和项目公司等各方利益，为推进民主化和科学化的PPP项目运作提供参考。

PPP模式通过公、私部门建立一种长期合作关系，实现向社会公众更加高效地提供基础设施和公共服务。社会公众作为公共产品和公共服务的最终使用者和受益者，公众的意见与建议、监测与评价、监督与反馈将有助于提高政府对PPP项目全过程地科学决策和监控、促进政府与社会资本间合作伙伴关系的良性发展。为了解决PPP项目决策实践中公众参与不足、缺乏科学指导依据的关键问题，本课题基本按预期研究目标展开并完成：1）对PPP项目公众参与的影响因素进行识别，以明确公众参与对PPP项目决策的关键影响；2）对PPP项目决策公众参与度进行探究及量化分析；3）在上述研究基础上，探究了基于公众参与的PPP项目公私两方主体博弈决策模型及求解；聚焦使用者付费PPP项目，构建了社会公众、政府部门和项目公司三方主体的演化博弈模型及均衡稳定策略的仿真分析。本课题研究过程是按照“PPP项目公众参与的条件和功能—公众参与PPP项目决策的合理程度—公众实质性地参与PPP项目决策”的主线逐步完成预期的研究内容。本研究的科学意义体现在：从理论层面，弥补PPP项目决策中缺乏系统地公众参与理论研究的不足，促进以参与决策为核心的PPP项目公众参与机制的建立和健全；从社会公众维度拓展PPP项目利益相关者参与决策的理论和方法，丰富和完善PPP项目决策理论体系；在实践层面，既可以为开展PPP项目决策的公众参与提供参考依据，也可以为推进我国PPP项目公众参与、保证PPP项目科学化和民主化决策提出可操作化的建议。