For the gastric cancer prevention, it’s the key step to block the malignant transformation of precancerous gastric lesions. It is reported that some high risk factors of gastric cancer affected the expression of metabolic enzymes of retinoic acid (RA). .We hypothesize that in the patients with precancerous gastric lesions, the expression of the RA downstream tight junction protein could be decreased due to the metabolic abnormalities of RA or inadequate RA synthetic materials. Thus the adhesion of gastric epithelial cells decreased, and then impaired the gastric mucosal barrier, which could promote the malignant transformation of precancerous gastric lesions. This hypothesis needs to verify by the epidemiological cohort. .Prospective cohort study of the patients with precancerous gastric lesions will carry out and followed by the Project of Early Detection and Treatment of Cancer in Anhui Province, Hefei City. We will collect the blood samples and gastric mucosa samples in the follow-up patients. We will set the happening of gastric cancer as the outcome variable, and grouped by the expression levels of metabolic enzymes of RA (including metabolism related receptors, transporters factor) as the exposed variable to process the nested case-control study. We will compare the expression of the enzymes in synthesis, transport, catabolism of RA and RA-receptor plus tight junction proteins. .This will help to clarify the RA metabolic status in the patients with precancerous gastric lesions and to understand the correlation between the RA metabolism and the malignant transformation of precancerous gastric lesions. Meanwhile, that could explain the molecular mechanisms of malignant outcomes and bring new perspective in the prevention of gastric cancer.
阻断胃癌前病变向胃癌转变是防治胃癌的重要基础,胃癌发生的高危因素会影响维甲酸(RA)代谢酶的表达。胃癌前病变患者,由于RA代谢异常和(或)RA合成原料摄入不足致RA水平降低,使其下游紧密连接蛋白表达下降,胃粘膜上皮细胞间粘附性下降,胃粘膜屏障作用不能发挥继而促进癌前病变恶性转归,这一假说迫切需要流行病学人群队列验证。本项目借城市癌症早诊早治项目现场,开展胃癌前病变人群的前瞻性队列研究,收集血样和胃粘膜组织并定期随访,以胃癌患病与否为结局变量,以RA水平高低或某RA代谢酶(或代谢中相关受体、转运因子)表达高低为暴露变量做巢式病例对照,比较RA合成,转运和分解中相关酶和因子以及维甲酸受体-紧密连接蛋白的表达,明确胃癌前病变患者体内的RA代谢状况,阐明RA代谢状况与病变转归之间的关联,探究RA代谢紊乱促进胃癌前病变恶性转归的分子机制,为探索胃癌前病变进展为胃癌的机制及其胃癌防控新视角奠定基础。
阻断胃癌前病变向胃癌转变是防治胃癌的重要基础。我们在我国胃癌高发区之一庐江县建立了胃癌高危人群的前瞻性观察队列,通过问卷调查收集人群资料,并收集血样和胃粘膜组织,开展定期随访,以明确胃癌高危人群和胃癌前病变患者体内的维甲酸(视黄酸)代谢状况,通过巢式病例-对照研究阐明维甲酸代谢状况与病变转归之间的关联。目前符合纳入标准的研究对象1392名进入队列,以随访后出现病变加重者纳入病例组,维持非萎缩性胃炎者纳入对照组,纳入巢式病例-对照10对。结果显示该人群的幽门螺旋杆菌感染率分别在40-岁组(53.52%),超重组(56.07%),收入低组(53.20%)最高;在食用富含维生素A来源食物的频率方面,不同幽门螺旋杆菌感染者之间没有差异,如鸡蛋、动物肝脏类(P=0.063),深绿色或红黄橙色蔬菜(P=0.724),红黄橙色水果(P=0.746)等;不同幽门螺旋杆菌感染者血清视黄醇水平之间的差异没有统计学意义(P=0.133);因此可以初步推断在不同幽门螺旋杆菌感染者之间,维甲酸的合成来源没有差异。但是尽管不同幽门螺旋杆菌感染者血清维甲酸水平之间的差异没有统计学意义(P=0.335),幽门螺旋杆菌感染阳性者全血中的维甲酸合成酶之一ALDH1A2的mRNA水平降低,同时负责转运维甲酸给分解酶的CRABP1水平升高,而负责转运维甲酸给核受体而发挥作用的CRABP2水平降低,即幽门螺旋杆菌感染后可能会干扰维甲酸代谢,促使维甲酸合成减少而分解增加。与非萎缩性胃炎患者对照组相比,萎缩性胃炎患者胃组织中的维甲酸分解酶之一CYP26C1的mRNA和蛋白的表达水平均升高(P<0.05)。本项目有待通过进一步随访以扩大巢式病例-对照研究的样本数,以完成对维甲酸下游信号通路(维甲酸受体/紧密连接蛋白)的研究和探明维甲酸代谢紊乱促进胃癌前病变恶性转归的分子机制。本项目的科学意义在于从人体维甲酸代谢的角度,为理解胃癌前病变进展为胃癌的机制提供新的认识,并探索胃癌前病变预防控制相关的新理论和新途径,也对进一步降低此胃癌高发区的发病率有十分重要的意义。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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