基于多参量融合的高温超导磁体在线运行安全状态评估方法研究及实验验证

As the key component of superconducting power devices, the research on the safety, stability and quench protection of superconducting magnets is undoubtedly of great theoretical value and engineering significance. However, there are some serious limitations of the existing quench detection methods for superconducting magnets, such as detecting blind spot and signal lag, etc. This application will choose the operating state of superconducting magnets as the research target and takes the current mode, real-time loss, magnet temperature and quench voltage into consideration. Then, an online state evaluation method with multi-state variables real-time monitoring will be presented and a corresponding detection platform will be developed. The specific content includes: ①Optimization of AC loss calculation method of superconducting magnets, which is coupled with electromagnetic field and heat field; ②Study on online measurement method of AC loss in superconducting magnets based on inductive voltage automatic compensation and development of experimental platform; ③Method research and experimental validation on safety state assessment for superconducting magnets online operation based on multi-parameters prediction. The state assessment method presented in this application can give an effective prediction of the real-time critical current, temperature variation and allowable loss and make a comprehensive estimation of safety margin for superconducting magnets, which will reduce the destructive impact of quench fault to superconducting magnets and thus significantly improve the safety and stability of superconducting magnets.

超导磁体作为超导电力装置的核心组成部件，研究其运行的安全稳定性及失超保护问题无疑具有极强的理论价值和工程意义。现有针对超导磁体的失超检测方法具有较大的局限性，存在检测盲点和信号滞后等不足。本项目拟以超导磁体的运行状态为研究对象，考虑通流方式、实时损耗、磁体温度、失超电压等多个重要因素，研究提出一种基于多状态参量实时监测的在线运行安全状态评估方法。研究内容涵盖以下：①电磁热等多物理场耦合的超导磁体交流损耗计算方法优化及磁体运行状态的仿真评估；②基于超导磁体感性电压自动补偿的交流损耗在线测量方法研究及实验平台研制；③基于多参量预测的超导磁体在线运行安全状态评估方法研究及实验验证。本项目所研究的安全状态评估方法可以有效地预测磁体实时临界电流、温度变化及容许损耗，从而综合评估超导磁体安全性能裕度，降低失超对磁体造成的破坏性冲击，提高超导磁体运行的安全稳定性。

本项目以超导磁体为研究对象，考虑电流波形、实时损耗、磁体温度、失超电压等多个主要因素，研究了超导磁体交流损耗的快速计算方法，搭建了交流损耗实时测量平台，最终提出了一种基于多状态参量实时监测的超导磁体在线运行安全状态评估方法，可以有效提高超导设备运行的安全稳定性。主要进展和成果包括：1）提出了一种快速、高效、准确的新型交流损耗计算模型——多尺度模型，完成了其在实际工况下的仿真分析和实验验证；2）提出了一种针对环型磁体的交流损耗降维计算方法，实现了磁场非二维轴对称情况下超导磁体交流损耗的快速计算；3）提出了一种基于积分法的交流损耗在线测量方法，验证了其测量结果的准确性；4）提出了一种考虑温度的超导磁体在线状态评估方法，并在微电网系统模型中进行了应用验证；5）提出了一种考虑磁体耐压、初始电流和温度的状态评估方法，基于此，给出了一种M-SMES温度均衡控制策略。