适用于电动滑行系统的新型盘式轴向磁通开关磁阻电机优化设计研究

To meet the requirement of low speed and high torque which is applied to the electric taxing system, this project focuses on the multi-disc axial flux Switched Reluctance motor. Firstly, a new dual stator and dual rotor AFSRM topology will be modeled, and the magnetic field and circuit design principle based on finite element method and the equivalent magnetic network method will be studied by considering the mutual coupling and the influence of unbalanced magnetic force; Secondly modular stator with no yoke and segmented rotor will be carried out, combined with the design of the pole shoe which can increase the gap area and ensure the constant current density with reluctance reduction and the optimal output torque achievement; finally, based on the finite element method and the equivalent thermal network method to carry out the forced oil cooling with orientation, then the effective heat dissipation will be calculated by multi physics coupling simulation. Furthermore, the overall design scheme is verified by making and testing the prototype. The project can provide theoretical basis and technical support for motor type selection of electric taxiing system. Ultimately, the research findings will provide optional accessories for the landing gear system of aircraft as A320, B737, and C919 etc, and improve the system reliability and security, then promote domestic research process and its application of the electric taxiing system.

本项目研究对象为适用于电动滑行系统的多盘轴向磁通开关磁阻电机，以适应系统低速大转矩的需求。首先提出一种新的双定子双转子轴向磁通开关磁阻电机拓扑结构，充分考虑互感耦合及不平衡磁拉力的影响，基于有限元法与等效磁网络法研究其磁场与电路设计原则；其次开展定子无磁轭模块化及转子分段设计，结合极靴的设计增大气隙面积，确保电流密度不变的前提下减小磁阻并实现最优转矩输出；最后基于有限元法及等效热网络法开展导向强油冷散热方案设计，实现基于多物理场耦合的有效散热计算与仿真。最终通过制作和测试小型功能样机对整体设计方案进行实验验证。本项目研究成果可为电动滑行系统电机选型提供理论依据与技术支持，最终为A320、B737、C919等机型的起落架系统提供选装配件，提高系统可靠性和安全性，推动电动滑行系统的国产化研究进程及其应用。

本项目研究适用于电动滑行系统的新型轴向盘式开关磁阻电机，通过在飞机主起落架机轮轮毂中安装电动滑行系统，利用电动机传动装置来驱动机轮完成飞机的推出、滑行及转弯任务，该系统可即停即用，避免过早地启动发动机，实现节能减排目的。但是在飞机滑行过程，轮毂电机的驱动转矩必须足够大，且电机的安装空间有限，热量积聚快，同时由于飞机降落时考虑到安全与可靠性的问题，充分考虑盘式和开关磁阻电机的优势，本项目基于双定子双转子轴向开关磁阻轮毂电机，对其结构、电磁、损耗以及散热进行设计与优化。.首先对轴向开关磁阻电机进行数学模型的建立，分析其与径向开关磁阻电机的差别，而后以单盘开关磁阻电机为基础，计算电磁负荷和关键结构尺寸参数，通过仿真分析确定电机初始参数，同时对双盘轴向开关磁阻电机的拓扑结构（主要内外转子型式）、定转子极形仿真分析对比，确定了双盘轴向开关磁阻电机的拓扑结构与设计参数；其次以输出转矩最优为目标，对影响转矩的转子轭轴向尺寸和转子极宽进行了参数化分析，同时以效率和转矩密度最优为目标，对电机的定子进行无磁轭设计，进一步优化了电机性能且通过仿真进行了验证；然后建立了电机的损耗模型，分析并得到电机的热源数据，基于此建立了强制油冷散热结构的电机流体仿真模型，提出散热解决方案；最后通过制作和测试小型功能样机对整体设计方案进行实验验证。.本项目研究成果可为民用飞机的绿色电动滑行系统轮毂电机的研究提供理论依据和技术支持，为A320、B737等主流机型及C919等国产机型的起落架系统提供选装配件，提高系统可靠性和安全性，推动电动滑行系统的国产化研究进程及其应用。