基于Affordance的详细设计知识建模、捕获与重用方法研究

During detailed design, designers usually should take into consideration various implicit factors related to all lifecycle periods of a mechanical product. However, since such factors often hide behind detailed design results as tacit knowledge, it raises a big challegene for designers to reuse detailed design knowledge in an effective manner. This research will attempt to employ a new design methodology concept, i.e. affordance, to address the issue of modeling, capturing and resuing the tacit knowledge in detailed design. First, the concept of affordance will be extended to detailed design, since existing affordance-based research is primarily related to conceptual design. Then a Form-Behavior-Affordance model will be developed to assist designers in modeling various lifecycle factors that are implicit in a detailed design. An affordance-based approach will then be developed to help designers capture detailed design knowledge.Thereafter, a genetic programming based approach will be proposed to model detailed design knowledge, together with a dependency graph-based approach for modeling detailed design process knowledge. Finally, an affordance-driven and process-integrated approach will be developed for supporting detailed design knowledge reuse. Based on the above research, a prototype software will then be developed, which can help designers model, capture and reuse detailed design knowledge. The detailed design of a typical mechanical product (e.g. excavators) will be employed to demonstrate the proposed research.

在详细设计阶段，设计员通常需要考虑来自产品全生命周期的各种因素。由于这些因素通常隐藏于详细设计结果背后，给详细设计知识的重用带来了很大的困难。申请人拟借助Affordance这一设计方法学中的新概念，来解决详细设计阶段隐性设计知识的建模、捕获与重用问题。本项目首先将探索并澄清适合于详细设计阶段的Affordance概念；接着，将建立基于Form-Behavior-Affordance的产品信息模型，使得设计员可以对产品全生命周期需要考虑的各种隐性因素进行建模；然后，将提出基于Affordance的详细设计知识捕获方法；再接着，将借助遗传编程技术与依赖图技术来探索详细设计知识建模方法；最后，将提出一种Affordance驱动、集成过程的详细设计知识重用方法。项目将开发支持详细设计知识建模、捕获与重用的原型软件，并将以典型机械产品(如工程机械）的详细设计知识重用为例进行应用验证。

在详细设计阶段，设计员通常需要考虑来自产品全生命周期的各种因素。由于这些因素通常隐藏于详细设计结果背后，给详细设计知识的重用带来了很大的困难。本项目借助Affordance这一设计方法学中的新概念，来解决详细设计阶段隐性设计知识的建模、捕获与重用问题。本项目首先澄清了详细设计阶段的Affordance概念；接着，建立了基于Configuration-Form-Behavior-Affordance的产品全生命周期信息模型，使得设计员可以对产品全生命周期需要考虑的各种隐性因素进行建模；然后，提出了基于Affordance的详细设计知识捕获方法；再接着，探索了基于遗传编程技术的详细设计知识建模方法；最后，提出了一种Affordance驱动的详细设计知识重用方法。项目开发了支持详细设计知识建模、捕获与重用的原型软件，并以某汽车零件加工的夹具设计为例对详细设计知识的建模与重用进行了应用验证。