电场作用下多组分微纳液滴界面输运特性及强化传热机理

The characteristics of interface transport and heat transfer of micro-nano droplets in the presence of electric field has been more and more focused as development of electric atomization, electrostatic spinning, and electric dehydration of crude oil. In order to improve the process of production, the study on multicomponent micro-nano droplets interface transport characteristics and enhancement heat transfer mechanism will be carried out based on the micro and macro perspectives. The droplets polarization characteristics, micro cluster structure, droplets dynamics and enhancement heat transfer mechanism are analyzed via theoretical analysis, molecular dynamics, CFD simulation, and experimental verification, respectively. This project intends to (1) reveal influence of electricity filed, polar and nonpolar solvent ion on micro structure of clusters forming in micro-nano droplets, (2) investigate droplets dynamics and heat transfer behavior in the presence of electric field, such as deformation, fission, evaporation, coalescence, thoroughly, (3) establish relevance between the micro structure of clusters and macro dynamics behavior, (4) verify the theoretical and numerical results through the experiment. On the basis of the study, propose the feasibility method for enhancing droplet interface transport and heat transfer characteristics by regulating the droplet interface transport process.

电场作用下微纳液滴的界面输运及传热强化特性是诸多现代工业领域的核心技术的基础。本项目以电雾化、静电纺丝以及原油电脱水等高新技术为研究背景，采用理论分析、分子动力学模拟、CFD模拟及实验验证等方法，分别从微观和宏观视角对电场作用下的液滴极化特性、电场诱导的特殊微观团簇结构、液滴界面动力学行为以及强化传热机理等关键问题进行系统研究。本项目一方面重点分析和掌握电场以及微纳液滴内极性、非极性溶有离子、添加聚合物高分子对液滴内部特殊微观团簇结构形成的影响机理和规律；一方面深入探究微纳液滴在电场作用下呈现变形、分裂、蒸发、聚结以及传热行为。同时寻求微观团簇结构与宏观动力学行为的内在关联机制。在此研究基础上，通过调控液滴界面输运过程，提出强化液滴界面输运及传热特性的可行性方法。

电场作用下微纳液滴的界面输运及传热强化特性是诸多现代工业领域的核心技术的基础。本项目以电雾化、静电纺丝以及原油电脱水等高新技术为研究背景，采用理论分析、分子动力学模拟方法，分别从微观视角对电场作用下的液滴极化特性、电场诱导的特殊微观团簇结构、液滴界面动力学行为以及强化传热机理等关键问题进行系统研究。主要完成单一组分/多组分液滴在匀强电场与温度场协同作用下的聚合规律与机理；单一组分/多组分液滴在非匀强电场下的聚合规律与机理；纳米液滴在极化壁面以及粗糙壁面上的静电铺展行为与形成机理。研究成果从微观角度系统的揭示了多组分液滴在电场影响下呈现出多种动力学行为规律与形成机理。为微纳液滴在电场下的应用通过了理论依据。项目资助共完成SCI/EI收录学术论文11篇，待发表论文1篇。培养硕士研究社4名，博士研究生1名。执行期内共参加基金委组织的学术年会及青年论文坛 3 次，完成了国家自然科学基金委中期项目交流汇报。项目共投入研究经费21万元，支出16.66万元，剩余4.34万余，计划用于后续研究支出。