水稻齿叶矮缩病毒在褐飞虱唾液腺复制增殖及释放的分子机制

Insect pests and plant viruses that are transmitted by insect vectors are major biological threats to crop production. However, the mechanisms enabling virus transmission by insect vectors are poorly understood. The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) is one of the most serious rice pests, causing extensive damage to rice plants by sucking the phloem sap and transmitting viruses, including Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV). In this study, we are interested in investigating the responses of the salivary gland to RRSV infection because this organ provides the essential link for understanding virus transmission from the insect vector to the rice plant. We will aim at identifying the signal transduction pathways and the key host cell factors that are involved in the RRSV proliferation and transmission in N. lugens salivary gland using RNA-seq gene expression profiling, Label-free quantitative proteomics, RNA interference, yeast two-hybrid system, immunofluorescence staining and electron microscopy methods. Our study will address a so far unknown step of virus transmission via the salivary gland of a monophagous sap-sucking arthropod herbivore and is important for better understanding of insect vector–virus interaction mechanisms.

近年来由褐飞虱传播的水稻齿叶矮缩病在我国南方稻区发生范围持续扩大，给我国的水稻作物安全带来了很大威胁，但由于对传毒机制知之甚少而导致缺乏有效的防治措施。揭示褐飞虱传播水稻病毒病的分子机制是当前亟待解决的科学问题。目前我们已经完成了褐飞虱全基因组和转录组测序，本项目将在此基础上着重研究水稻齿叶矮缩病毒在其昆虫介体褐飞虱唾液腺中的复制增殖机制，通过高通量表达谱测序分析揭示褐飞虱对水稻齿叶矮缩病毒感染的特异性应答反应，找到协助病毒增殖的关键信号传导通路及宿主调控/效应因子；运用定量蛋白质组学分析褐飞虱的唾液分泌蛋白，发现与病毒传播密切相关的宿主协同作用因子并进行分子功能验证，明确齿叶矮缩病毒在褐飞虱唾液腺中复制增殖及传播的分子机制，为揭示褐飞虱成灾机理和对病毒病的防治提供研究基础。

近年来由褐飞虱传播的水稻齿叶矮缩病在我国南方稻区发生范围持续扩大，给我国的水稻作物安全带来了很大威胁，但由于对传毒机制知之甚少而导致缺乏有效的防治措施。揭示褐飞虱传播水稻病毒病的分子机制是当前亟待解决的科学问题。对于取食植物汁液的刺吸式口器昆虫来说，唾液腺是植物病毒复制增殖与传播的重要组织。本课题前期已经完成了褐飞虱全基因组和转录组测序，在此基础上本项目着重研究水稻齿叶矮缩病毒在其昆虫介体褐飞虱唾液腺中的复制增殖机制，通过高通量转录组测序分析揭示了褐飞虱对水稻齿叶矮缩病毒感染的特异性应答反应，发现了与病毒增殖相关的关键信号传导通路及宿主调控/效应因子；运用定量蛋白质组学分析褐飞虱的唾液分泌蛋白，发现了潜在的与病毒传播相关的宿主作用因子。此外，本课题还揭示了齿叶矮缩病毒与褐飞虱之间的蛋白互作关系，通过RNAi实验明确了褐飞虱的RACK1蛋白能够调控齿叶矮缩病毒的复制增殖。这些研究初步明确了齿叶矮缩病毒在褐飞虱唾液腺中复制增殖的分子机制，为揭示褐飞虱成灾机理和对病毒病的防治提供研究基础。