基于多巴胺自聚的磁性印迹电化学传感器的制备及其在食品安全检测中的应用

The problems of food safty have seriously affected human’s health. It's an important issue for us to develop facile and rapid detection method with high sensitivity and good selectivity in the field of food safty testing. Polydopamine prepared by dopamine self-polymerization possesses many advantages, such as easy preparation, robust adhesion, high hydrophilicity, and high level functional groups, which make it become a hotpot in the field of molecularly imprinted polymer. Based on the self-polymerization of dopamine, this project plans to prepare molecularly imprinted polymers on nanocomposite of carbon and magnetic nanomaterials surface with rapid preconcentration and seperation properties for drug residue and illegal additives recognition and detection. Due to the magnetic response properties of the polymers and good condcutivity of carbonic nanomaterials, the prepared imprinted polymers will be employed as an sensitive component to fabricate a novel electrochemical sensor. Effect factors of polydopamine preparation on different nanocomposites will be optimized systematically, the structure and properties of the polymers will be investigated, and recognition mechnism and influence factors of the sensors also will be discussed in detailed. This project would promote the further convergence between the surface molecularly imprinted technique and electrochemical sensor. On the other hand, it would provide novel methods and techniques for selective preconcentration, rapid seperation,and sensitive detection of drug residue and illegal additives in food samples, which is significant for food safty testing.

食品安全问题严重影响了人类的身体健康，发展简便快速、灵敏度高、选择性好的检测方法成为事关民生的大事。多巴胺自聚合成聚多巴胺，制备简单、附着力强、亲水性好、官能团多，已成为印迹聚合物研究中的热点之一。本项目拟采用表面印迹技术，以碳基磁性复合材料为基质、多巴胺为聚合单体、食品中残留药物和非法添加剂为模板分子，制备具有快速富集和分离能力的亲水性印迹聚合物；利用印迹聚合物的磁响应性和碳基纳米材料的良好导电性，以碳基磁性印迹聚合物为敏感元件，构建新型电化学传感器；探索多巴胺在不同碳基磁性复合材料表面自聚制备印迹聚合物的各种条件，全面考察印迹聚合物的结构和性能，详细探讨传感器的识别机理及影响因素。本项目研究将促进分子印迹与电化学传感技术的进一步融合，为食品中残留药物和非法添加剂等的选择性富集、快速分离和准确灵敏检测提供新的方法和技术手段，对食品安全快速准确检测意义重大。

食品安全和环境污染事关国计民生，发展从复杂样品中对相关组分快速、便捷、灵敏检测方法意义重大。分子印迹聚合物是近年来发展起来的人工合成识别原件，本项目将其与简便快速的电化学技术相结合，构建了系列印迹电化学传感器：以多巴胺为单体，在电极表面自聚构建印迹电化学传感器，提高传感器的生物相容性；结合硼亲和作用，在印迹聚合物中引入硼酸衍生物构建双识别电化学传感器，提高传感器的选择性；构建三维基底电极，在其表面合成印迹聚合物，制备三维印迹电化学传感器，提高传感器的灵敏度；引入电活性探针，结合目标物质电信号，创建基于双信号或比率信号策略的电化学传感器，提高传感器的准确度和可靠性。实现了对多种非法食品添加剂、农残、环境污染物、药物、生命小分子和蛋白质的有效识别和灵敏测定，具有较好的实用应用前景。此外，将印迹聚合物与过氧化物模拟酶相结合，对目标物质进行了快速简便特异的比色传感测定，为印迹聚合物在比色传感领域的应用提供了成功的经验。发表论文16篇，影响因子大于5.0的论文8篇，授权国家发明专利2项。