电子束织构自润滑与振荡热管自冷却复合功效的干切削刀具的研究

Based on the key problem waiting to solve in dry cutting, the concept and research approach of the electron beam texture self-lubricating and pulsating heat pipe self-cooling dry cutting tools are proposed. The main research thoughts are as following: on the one hand, surface textures filled with lubricants are made on the rake face of cutting tools by electron beam machining, meanwhile, the pulsating heat pipe is embedded in the substrate of cutting tools. Combined with theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental research, the design theory of the surface textures on cutting tool will be established, the preparation technology of surface textures based on electron beam will be studied, and the anti-friction mechanism will be also proposed. In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of the cutting tools, the design theory and preparation technology of the pulsating heat pipe will be studied by setting up mathematical model of working fluid and carrying out heat transfer tests. The coupling mechanism of electron beam texture self-lubricating and pulsating heat pipe self-cooling will be also established based on cutting tests and micro-analysis.

本项目根据干切削加工待解决的关键问题，提出了电子束织构自润滑与振荡热管自冷却复合功效的干切削刀具的概念和研究思路。项目的主要研究思想在于：一方面，采用电子束加工技术在刀具前刀面加工织构并填充润滑剂；同时，在刀具基体上嵌入振荡热管。结合理论分析、数值模拟和实验的研究手段，建立刀具表面织构的设计理论，构建电子束进行刀具表面织构制备的技术体系，分析刀具表面织构的润滑减摩机理；通过建立工质运动的数学模型和传热测试，建立刀具振荡热管的设计理论和制备技术体系，优化刀具的切削散热性能；结合切削试验和微观分析，研究和建立电子束织构自润滑与振荡热管自冷却复合功效的干切削刀具的润滑与冷却耦合作用机制。

本项目根据干切削加工待解决的关键问题，提出了电子束织构自润滑与振荡热管自冷却复合功效的干切削刀具的概念和研究思路。结合理论分析、数值模拟和实验的研究手段，成功研制出了一种自润滑与自冷却复合功效的干切削刀具，探究并建立了该刀具的自润滑与自冷却作用机制。针对难加工材料的干切削的试验结果表明该刀具能够有效降低切削温度，延缓刀具磨损并提高刀具寿命。项目的研究成果能够有效解决目前干切削加工存在的工况恶化问题，将有力促进绿色切削加工技术的发展与进步。