新型S，N杂环硼酸酯润滑添加剂的分子设计、合成及其摩擦化学研究

Due to the increasingly rigor of environmental-protection demands,the well-known high-effectively multifunctional additive (ZDDP),which easily cause poisoning the catalytic system for dealing with the tail-gas of car, will be limited to use; The commonly used extreme-pressure additive (sulphide isobutene,SIB),which can produce some effluvial volatiles in the use process of open gear oils,will be limited to use too; And the biodegradable lubricating oil will be used in the machines in agriculture,forestry and fish culture according to the demand of ecological protection.So, the researches about ZDDP substitutes,SIB substitutes and low-toxic high-biodegradable lubricating additives are the international hot-frontier projects in recent years.Some reported results indicate: S,N-heterocyclic groups possess good low-toxicity, high-biodegradability, extreme- pressure,antiwear,anticorrosion,antioxidation and improving hydrolysis of organic borate;oranic borates possess good oil-solubility,friction-reduction,antiwear, anticorrosion and antioxidation.In this project,we plan to design and synthesize some novel series of environmental-friendly multifunctional lubricating additives, which conbinate S,N-heterocyclic group and borate group in one molecule,and evaluate their tribological properties,then sum up their structure-effective relationship.At the same time,we plan to investigate their tribochemical action mechanism in the micro/nano scale by used some modern surfacial analytic equipments shuch as XANES ，XPS etc.

由于环保要求的日益苛刻，人们熟知的高效多功能添加剂ZDDP因易使汽车尾气处理催化剂中毒和增加颗粒物排放而将限制使用；常用的硫化异丁烯极压添加剂也因在开放式齿轮油中使用时易产生恶臭挥发物也将限制使用；农林渔业使用的机械设备因受生态保护限制需使用可生物降解润滑油。故开发ZDDP替代物、硫化异丁烯替代物和低毒高生物降解率的润滑添加剂的研究已成为近年来该领域的国际前沿热点课题。已有研究表明：S,N杂环基团具有低毒、高生物降解率和良好极压、抗磨、抗腐蚀、抗氧化、抑制硼酸酯水解等特性；而有机硼酸酯基团具有良好油溶性、减小摩擦、抗磨、抗腐蚀和抗氧化等特性。因此，本项目拟将含S，N杂环基团、硼酸酯等润滑油极压、抗磨活性基团合理地组合，设计合成系列潜在的新型环保型多功能润滑添加剂，评价它们的摩擦学性能和总结其构效关系规律。还拟采用XANES、XPS等现代表面分析仪器从微纳米尺度上研究它们的摩擦化学作用机理。

由于环保要求的日益苛刻，人们熟知的高效多功能添加剂ZDDP因易使汽车尾气处理催化剂中毒和增加颗粒物排放而将限制使用；常用的硫化异丁烯极压添加剂也因在开放式齿轮油中使用时易产生恶臭挥发物也将限制使用；农林渔业使用的机械设备因受生态保护限制需使用可生物降解润滑油。故开发ZDDP 替代物、硫化异丁烯替代物和低毒高生物降解率的润滑添加剂的研究已成为近年来该领域的国际前沿热点课题。已有研究表明：S,N 杂环基团具有低毒、高生物降解率和良好极压、抗磨、抗腐蚀、抗氧化、抑制硼酸酯水解等特性；而有机硼酸酯基团具有良好油溶性、减小摩擦、抗磨、抗腐蚀和抗氧化等特性。因此，本项目将含S，N 杂环基团、硼酸酯等润滑油极压、抗磨活性基团合理地组合，设计合成了系列潜在的新型环保型多功能润滑添加剂，考察了它们的摩擦学性能并总结其构效关系规律。同时，采用SEM、AFM、XANES、XPS 等现代表面分析仪器从微纳米尺度上研究了它们的摩擦化学作用机理。