会计准则国际趋同与中国资本市场：制度、治理与市场微观结构的视角

In order to adapt to the needs of the development of capital market internationalization, the convergence from local accounting standards to international financial reporting standards has been an inevitable international trend. The different institutional background and corporate governance structure in every country will bring about the different result of the international convergence, and will affect the improvements of information environment and resource distribution efficiency. As a an emerging market in the transition period, government intervention is an important institutional feature of Chinese companies, pyramid structure is the typical governance structure to Chinese firms. In a moment of the international convergence of our accounting standards at 2007, this research investigates the convergence's effect of the new accounting standards based on institutional background and corporate governance structure, and further investigates economic consequences from market microstructure in Chinese capital market with the logic route of "government intervention&pyramid structure→international convergence of accounting standards→market microstructure& resource distribution efficiency". This topic is conducive to connect Chinese accounting research with international accounting research, and also help to provide the policy reference to the continued convergence of accounting standards in China.

为了适应资本市场国际化发展，各国会计准则向国际财务报告准则（IFRS）趋同已成为大势所趋。但各国资本市场不同的制度背景和公司治理结构将影响会计准则的趋同效果，进而影响资本市场信息环境和资源配置效率的改善。作为一个新兴市场，政府干预是我国资本市场的重要制度特征，金字塔结构是我国企业典型的治理结构。以我国会计准则国际趋同为契机，本课题将基于"政府干预&金字塔结构→会计准则国际趋同→市场微观结构&资源配置效率"的逻辑路线，从制度环境和公司治理结构的角度考察会计准则国际趋同效果，并从市场微观结构的视角考察会计准则国际趋同的经济后果。本课题既能为我国监管层对新会计准则的执行及其持续趋同提供政策参考，还可为IFRS在其他新兴市场的拓展和应用提供经验借鉴；同时，本课题通过上述三大视角的考察，为新兴市场会计准则趋同的前因后果提供了完整的分析，既深化了现有会计准则研究，又有利于我国会计研究的国际接轨。

以2007年新会计准则国际趋同为契机，本课题将基于“政府干预&官员更替→会计准则国际趋同→资本市场&资源配置效率”的逻辑路线，从制度环境和公司治理结构的角度考察会计准则国际趋同效果，并兼论银行的风险治理。本课题全面而具体地研究了上述逻辑路线中三者之间的关系、传导路径和作用机理，既有利于我国会计研究的国际接轨，也有助于为我国会计准则的持续趋同提供政策参考。具体而言：① 会计准则国际趋同、政府干预与财务报告质量；② 金融危机、国际会计准则趋同与会计信息解读；③ 官员异地交流、政绩诉求与公司会计政策选择；④ 媒体与银行风险治理。