银河系化学-动力学演化的观测与理论研究

The project plans to focus on the chemodynamical evolution of the Galaxy based on high resolution spectra of large sample and low resolution spectra of huge amount of stars. Meanwhile, theoretical chemical model of the Galaxy will be established in order to reproduce the observational patterns of different elements, which will deepen our understanding of the formation mechanism and evolution history of the Galaxy. In particular,huge amount of low resolution spectra will help investigate the spatial location, metallicity distribution, kinematical and chemical properties of different components of the Galaxy. Furthermore, high resolution spectra of a limited sample of stars are not only important to discoveries of detailed abundance patterns of different stellar populations which are today located in the solar neighborhood, but also important to establishing a calibration between low resolution and high resolution spectral analysis. We can expect that significant progresses can be achieved in frontiers including detailed structure, merging history, formation, chemodynamical evolution, clusters and stellar populations of the Galaxy.

本项目计划通过大样本恒星的高分辨率高信噪比光谱和海量恒星的中低分辨率光谱相结合的分析方式开展银河系化学-动力学演化的研究，并通过观测数据和银河系演化模型进行对比,更好地理解银河系不同星族的形成机制和演化历史。特别地,我们将通过低分辨率海量恒星光谱研究银河系不同星族恒星的空间分布、金属丰度分布、化学丰度模式、运动学和动力学性质，揭示银河系的演化历史。同时，一定样本数目的高分辨率光谱不仅是精确获得太阳邻域银河系演化的图像，还可以为分析海量恒星光谱数据提供可靠的定标。可以期望这样详查与普查、观测与理论结合的研究将极大地促进我们对基于不同星族特征和并合物理过程的银河系化学-动力学演化等重要前沿问题的理解。

现代大天区面积巡天提供了海量恒星的中低分辨率光谱，结合高分辨率高信噪比光谱可以深入研究银河系化学-动力学演化。本项目在现有数据及理论模型所能支持的范围内，全面完成银河系小尺度结构及其化学演化、银河系暗物质晕的质量与分布、银河系并合的化学-运动学分析、极端贫金属星的搜寻与银河系早期演化、化学丰度特殊恒星的发现与分析、超高速星的寻找与起源研究、不同星族恒星的非局部热动平衡效应分析以及银河系化学-动力学演化理论模型的构建等研究课题的主要研究目标。通过研究银河系不同星族恒星的空间分布、金属丰度分布、化学丰度模式、运动学和动力学性质，本项目在理解银河系不同星族特征和并合物理过程等银河系化学-动力学演化等关键前沿问题方面取得了重要进展。