大规模分布式电源接入能源互联网的三方谐波责任定量评估

The access of large-scale distributed power source is one of the most important features of Energy Internet, but the mass of nonlinear devices and their frequent operations would badly deteriorate the harmonic pollution, which seriously conflicts with the high demands on power quality; on the other hand, the heterogeneous and fluctuation of the multiple-source harmonic makes it extremely complicated to work on harmonic analysis; consequently, quantifying the harmonic responsibilities in order to control the harmonic pollution becomes a difficult problem that must be solved in the construction of Energy Internet. Therefore, this project puts forward for the first time the research on quantifying the harmonic responsibilities among three-party harmonic sources of “distributed power source, power grid, and load” in the background of Energy Internet. Researches would be done on: the high-precision harmonic measurement algorithm, measurement configuration and data error processing; the establishment of the three-party joint model for harmonic observation; the analysis of coupling relationship, state estimation and propagation mechanism for dynamic harmonic information; the build of harmonic-responsibility-assessment model and multi-index system; the realization of quantifying the harmonic responsibilities among three-party harmonic sources by multi-attribute decision and information-fusion method. The project would reveal the generation-propagation-interaction mechanism of dynamic harmonic information with the access of large-scale distributed power sources, develop novel ideas for quantifying the harmonic responsibilities among three-party harmonic sources, and provide both the theory and technique foundation for quantifying the harmonic responsibilities among multi-party harmonic sources with the equal access of many types of harmonic sources to Energy Internet.

分布式电源大规模接入是能源互联网的重要特征，但海量非线性设备及其频繁操作严重恶化谐波污染，这与对电能质量的高要求形成尖锐矛盾；多谐波源的独立异构性及波动突变性等使谐波分析异常复杂，故理清谐波责任、控制谐波水平成为能源互联构建中必须解决的难题。为此，本项目首次提出在能源互联背景下研究“分布式电源、电网、负荷”三方谐波源的谐波责任定量评估。研究高精度谐波相量测量算法、量测配置及数据误差处理，从谐波观测角度建立“网-源-荷”三方联合广域模型；研究各方动态谐波信息的耦合关系、状态估计及产生传播作用机理；据此建立谐波责任评估模型及多尺度多层次指标体系，通过多属性决策和信息融合实现三方谐波责任的定量评估。项目研究将全面揭示大规模分布式电源接入时动态谐波信息的产生、传播及相互作用机理，为三方谐波责任定量评估开拓全新思路，为日后多类型异构谐波源平等接入能源互联网时的多方谐波责任定量评估奠定理论和技术基础。

在能源互联网给供电带来更高效率、更优性能的同时也带来更为严重的谐波污染。电能质量的高要求和电网谐波的重污染在能源互联背景下势必形成一对尖锐的矛盾。因此，控制谐波水平、治理谐波污染是能源互联背景下众多电能质量问题中最亟待解决的问题之一。本项目通过与国网四川省电科院、新加坡南洋理工大学开展紧密的科研合作交流，针对能源互联网背景下的谐波量测，责任定量评估、负荷建模、谐波状态估计、谐波源定位分析及抑制等一系列问题开展了深入研究。.首先，建立了基于泰勒级数的谐波相量模型，利用Kaiser窗的可变特性实现了多种动态工况下谐波相量的准确获取，并据此开展了时变谐波中动态信息的产生、传播和渗透机理分析及其特征提取；其次，提出了一种基于三参数威布尔分布的异常数据辨识方法，以分析实际谐波电流的复杂分布特性，实现了谐波源的准确定位；最后，建立了广义负荷模型，提出了多指标体系和多属性综合模型的多谐波源的谐波责任量化评估方法，充分考虑背景谐波电流的波动规律、背景谐波电压变化等影响，建立了考虑大规模分布式电源接入的三方谐波责任量化评估方法体系，确保了谐波责任评估在不同工况下的准确性和适应性。.本项目研究全面揭示了大规模分布式电源接入能源互联网时动态谐波信息的产生、传播及相互作用机理，掌握了谐波污染的时空分布特性，实现了对“网-源-荷”三方联合谐波观测模型的建立以及对三方谐波责任的合理量化。项目成果将为能源互联网中有效提高谐波管理、控制水平提供决策基础，并有望成为在设计阶段全局优化能源互联网中谐波测量、谐波状态估计和谐波治理的重要理论依据，具有重要的现实意义，达到了项目预定的研究目标和研究成效。