Ni-Cu-Ti多孔合金多维孔道调控及其协同电催化机理研究

Compared with other methods for hydrogen generation depending on non-regeneration energy sources, the water electrolysis technology is a sustainable way to produce hydrogen which mainly relies on renewable energy sources. Extensive studies have been dedicated to the development of advanced cathode materials with high electro-catalytic performance during hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Based upon understanding about pore formation and evolution mechanisms of porous Ni-Cu material by powder metallurgy, this research aims to design a novel porous Ni-Cu-Ti cathode with multi-structure and the introduction of Ti to precisely control the active sites. Characteristics of the porous structure, dynamic process of reactions on electrodes and the interface microstructure will be analyzed to explore the mechanisms of HER, as well as the absorption and diffusion process during hydrogen producing. Control process about composition, surface morphology and pore channel of the porous materials toward performance optimization will be also carried out in detail. The research will help reveal the fabrication and application regularities of porous alloy cathodes basing on theories concluded from the micro-level, which provides new insights to the researches on the development and effective running of cathode materials for water electrolysis.

降低电解水制氢能耗是可持续性发展清洁能源经济的重大需求之一，研发高效电催化阴极是解决这一难题的主要方向。本申请项目以提高电解水制氢阴极电催化活性及长期运行稳定性为目标，基于粉末冶金法制备多孔Ni-Cu合金材料的研究基础，引入第三组元Ti调控合金体系的催化位点，设计并制备新型多维孔道Ni-Cu-Ti多孔合金电极。采用多孔材料微结构表征技术、电催化反应的原位动态表征技术以及固体微观界面表征等技术，探索多维孔道Ni-Cu-Ti多孔合金阴极协同电催化析氢反应机理与反应过程中吸附扩散动力学。从表面反应及多维孔道结构上认识Ni-Cu-Ti多孔合金阴极电催化作用的本质，建立多孔合金电催化材料的成份－孔道结构－表/界面性质－电催化析氢性能之间的构效关系，进而实现高性能合金多孔阴极材料的功能导向制备。这将为电解水制氢高性能阴极材料的组分选择和结构设计提供理论依据，为清洁能源的生产和可持续发展拓宽新思路。

本项目以提高电解水制氢阴极电催化活性及长期运行稳定性为目标，基于粉末冶金法制备多孔Ni-Cu合金材料的研究基础，引入第三组元活性成份调控合金体系的催化位点，设计并制备新型多维孔道NiCuC基复合电极材料。本项目成功确定了一种新型多维孔道基底材料的优化制备工艺，同时得到了一种组成、晶型、孔道可控的NiCuC多孔合金系复合电极材料的原位合成方法及其控制机理；探究出以NiCuC多孔合金材料为基底的复合多孔催化材料电催化析氢动力学特征与各种影响因素（组成、晶型、孔道等）之间的定量依循关系。研究了复合多孔催化阴极材料在碱性环境下的析氢反应机理，探索复合多孔催化材料阴极催化活性中心的形成和分布规律对阴极/溶液界面反应的动态变化影响机制：在理论上，形成了对具有特定功能性复合多孔催化阴极材料的制备控制规律的认识，建立了多维孔道结构的NiCuC基复合多孔催化阴极材料电催化反应机理研究方法。研究过程以应用电催化功能需求为牵引，研究结果可用于指导具体应用要求的电催化阴极材料的选择与设计，为清洁能源生产应用领域核心材料的研究提供科学理论基础。