多不和脂肪酸对细鳞鲑卵子发育的响应及营养调控

It is well known that broodstock fortification has become one of the hot aquatic nutrition researches, but there is still poor information on effect exogenous fatty acid on fat accumulation and ovarian broodstock mechanism in promoting egg maturation and other reproductive biology of fish nutrition. To this end, the project use Manchurian trout (Brachymystax lenok Pallas) as the research object, adopting nutrition, physiology and biochemistry of fish related methods, endocrinology and molecular biology, study effect polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) "quantity" and "quality " on ovarian development and egg maturation and reproductive performance differences, including their nutritional needs, physiological and biochemical changes in ovarian and egg and reproductive performance evaluation, investigate the effects of PUFA on liver - ovarian - egg fat transfer method, use patterns, relationships and the law of fat metabolism. For broodstock fat metabolism and utilization characteristics, initial exploration PUFA affect the reproductive process of sex steroid hormone levels, fatty enzymatic activity and its mRNA levels, revealing fat nutritional regulation mechanism Manchurian trout broodstock ovarian development and reproduction. The results will fish nutrition and reproductive processes of fat metabolism and reproductive biology of fish nutrition theoretical foundation to add new content, providing the basis for the production and practice of cold freshwater broodstock nutrition nurturing and development of artificial feed.

亲体的营养强化已成为水生动物营养学研究的热点之一。外源性脂肪对亲鱼卵巢脂肪积累、促进卵子成熟过程中的作用机理等营养繁殖生物学的科学问题，至今仍知之甚少。为此，本项目以细鳞鲑亲鱼为研究对象，采用营养学、鱼类生理生化、内分泌学和分子生物学的方法，研究多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)不同"量"与"质"对细鳞鲑卵巢发育的营养学差异和生殖性能的影响，包括其营养需求、卵巢发育、卵子成熟的生理生化变化和生殖性能评价，探讨细鳞鲑亲鱼肝脏-卵巢-卵子内脂肪转移方式、利用模式、相互关系及脂肪代谢规律，然后根据亲鱼脂肪代谢和利用机理，初步探索生殖过程中PUFA对性类固醇激素水平、脂肪代谢关键酶活性及mRNA含量的影响，揭示细鳞鲑亲体卵子发育和生殖的脂肪营养调节机制。研究结果将为鱼类生殖进程中脂肪营养与代谢和鱼类营养繁殖生物学理论基础增添新内容，为冷水性淡水亲鱼营养培育和人工饲料研制提供生产和实践依据。

亲体的营养强化已成为水生动物营养学研究的热点之一。尤其是n-3 HUFA对亲鱼卵巢脂肪积累、促进卵子成熟过程中的作用尤为重要。本项目以细鳞鲑亲鱼为研究对象，配制5种不同水平0.50、1.10、1.40、1.70和2.30% n-3 HUFA饲料，养殖细鳞鲑亲鱼300天，研究n-3 HUFA不同含量对细鳞鲑卵巢发育的营养学差异和生殖性能的影响，投喂饲料n-3 HUFA含量1.40%-1.70%的亲鱼繁殖性能最佳，其性腺指数、性类固醇激素、产卵量、卵子直径、受精卵吸水膨胀率、受精率、孵化破膜率、仔鱼开口率等具有良好的繁殖性能，饲料中过低或过多都会影响亲鱼的繁殖性能，因此细鳞鲑亲鱼饲料中n-3 HUFA的适宜添加量为1.40-1.70%，为陆封型淡水冷水鲑科鱼类亲鱼人工配合饲料的配制提供了参考依据，已授权发明专利，具有重要的实际生产意义。