利它信息素对杨圆蚧寄生天敌控制力影响的研究

Quadraspidiotus gigas (Thiem & Gerneck), is a very important pest of poplar trees in the our country. To manage the population of this pest safely and sustainable, we start do conduct research on the kairomone produced by Q. gigas and their host plants from 1999. The effect of those kairomone on the host searching ability of parasitoids of Q. gigas was also studied..We have found out the kairomone which help Pteroptrix longgiclava (Girault) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) and Encarsia gigas (Tshumakova) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) to determining the existing of their host was emitted by the complex of poplar bark infested with Q.gigas, the body of fixed first instar nymph of Q. gigas and the scale of fixed first instar nymph of Q.gigas..GC and GC-MS methods were used to determining the chemical compounds in essential oil which emitted from the healthy bark of Populus pseudo-simonii ×P. nigra, the infested bark, the body of fixed first instar nymph of Q. gigas and the scale of fixed first instar nymph of Q. gigas. Totally 13 kinds of compounds have been found. Among them the admixture of 2,5-p-dimethyaminobenzaldehyde, 2,4-dimethyaceto- phenone and p-ethyl-acetophenone have the effect of kairomone..The different day age first instar fixed nymph did not show significant difference in the emitting and the reception of the kairomone. When the wind speed is up to 4m/s will significantly restrain the host searching activity of female wasps. Raining, wet or over 35℃ condition would restrict the host finding ability of wasps. By using scanning electron microscope, four kinds of sensilla have been found on antennae of female P. longgiclava, namely bristle shape sensilla, horn-like sensilla trichodea curvata, plate organ and basiconic capitate peg, which are receptor of kairomone..The field experiments showed that spraying the liquid of admixture of 2,5-p- dimethyaminobenzaldehyde, 2,4-dimethyacetophenone and p-ethyl-acetophenone which added 5% olefin oil and 2% TX-10 and diluted it 500 times with water, could increasing the parasitic rate of Q. gigas. .

研究杨圆蚧及其寄主植物中存在的、对各种寄生天敌寄生有影响的、寻找寄主和产卵利它素存在部位、组成、分泌规律。研究天敌对利它素的接受机制。研究风、雨、温度等环境因子对利它素的分泌和接受的影响。系统评价两类利它素在寄生天敌寻找寄主和产卵过程中的作用。探索应用利它素增强天敌控制力的方法，将杨圆蚧控制在经济允许水平以下。