Chronic inflammation is the key pathology of chronic rhinitis induced dysosmia. How chronic inflammation is sustained remains to be elusive. Over-actived inflammasome and over-produced IL-1β lead to initiation and progress of many chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent researchs reveal that the key adaptor of inflammasome ASC-Speck could be internalized and re-activate the infammasome in bystander cells, which functions as an amplification loop, much like the paracrine. We also found that the expression of NLRP3, ASC and active caspase-1 were increased in Mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis mice and human biospy. More interesting, the status of ASC-Speck is positively related with the dysomia score. These results indicate that the sustained activation and amplification loop of inflammasome is related with dysosmia. We plan to explore the relationship between sustained activation of inflammasome and dysosmia; the function and mechanism that amplification loop of inflammasome induced chronic inflammation, self-renew obstacle and the development of chronic rhinitis associated with dysosmia, from clinical biopsy assay, mice dysosmia model assay, in vitro cell function and signal transduction assay four level. Our research will add new insight into the pathology and drug design candidate of dysosmia.
鼻腔鼻窦慢性炎症是导致嗅觉障碍的主要原因,慢性炎症如何维持的机制亟待研究。过度的炎症小体活化而产生过度的IL-1β是众多慢性炎症性疾病发生和进展的重要机制。新近研究发现炎症小体关键接头分子ASC的聚合体可以通过内吞,类似于旁分泌形式形成炎症小体放大环路。我们前期研究发现,在慢性鼻-鼻窦炎导致嗅觉障碍的小鼠模型中,鼻腔黏膜中表达大量的炎症小体关键分子NLRP3、ASC和活化型caspase-1,临床样本分析也观察到同样现象;更为有趣的是黏膜中ASC-聚合体的丰度与嗅觉障碍程度正相关。提示炎症小体持续过度活化与嗅觉障碍形成有关。课题组拟从临床样本、小鼠疾病模型、效应细胞及细胞行为、效应信号通路4个水平,探索研究炎症小体过度活化与嗅觉障碍临床相关性;炎症小体放大环路在固有层及黏膜下层产生慢性炎症导致嗅上皮更新障碍及嗅觉障碍的效应;体内损害的效应与分子机制。为嗅觉障碍的干预和治疗提供新思路。
(1)过敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)全球发病率居高不下,继发于AR的多种临床症状和疾病严重影响了人类的生活质量。目前国内外对于AR发病机制的研究尚不透彻,且多集中于适应性免疫应答调控,而天然免疫应答在AR发生发展中的作用研究相对较少,特别是针对其中炎症反应的临床治疗手段尚不完善,因此慢性炎症如何维持的调控机制亟待研究。我们发现AR患者和OVA诱导AR小鼠的鼻腔黏膜内炎症小体活化均显著增强;NLRP3敲除后可有效抑制AR发生发展过程,减轻鼻黏膜组织内炎症反应,减少鼻黏膜组织内细胞焦亡;使用caspase-1抑制剂治疗后可有效缓解AR小鼠病程进展,减轻鼻黏膜组织内炎症反应;进一步机制研究发现炎症小体会导致鼻腔黏膜上皮发生焦亡,进而释放出炎症小体形成放大环路,炎症小体过度聚集及其继发的上皮细胞焦亡促进鼻黏膜组织损伤是炎症小题活化诱发AR的关键因素。.(2)成功构建了OVA诱导的鼻炎-嗅觉障碍动物模型,发现小鼠鼻腔慢性炎症将导致不可逆的嗅觉障碍,并对该模型进行系统性评估。.(3)根据上一课题的研究结果,我们进一步探索了IL-17及中性粒细胞在CRS-嗅觉障碍过程中发挥的作用。研究发现中性粒细胞胞外陷阱(neutrophil extracellular traps, NETs)在鼻炎-嗅觉障碍发生发展中发挥重要作用。NETs的存在会持续破坏嗅上皮,影响嗅觉功能恢复。使用DNase抑制NETs后,小鼠嗅觉功能得到改善。在鼻炎中,IL-17A可通过募集和促进中性粒细胞NETs形成,加重嗅觉障碍。使用IL-17A单抗后,小鼠的嗅上皮破坏减轻,嗅觉功能得到改善,证实了IL-17A介导中性粒细胞NETs生成在鼻炎-嗅觉障碍发生发展中的重要角色。
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数据更新时间:2023-05-31
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