极端条件下具有容错功能的开关磁阻电机全转速范围的无位置传感器技术的基础研究

This project takes the control system of switched reluctance motor as the research object, and takes the improvement of the operation capacity under some extreme conditions such as high temperature, high speed, high pollution, and etc. as the research target, to study the entire speed range covered fault-tolerant sensorless techniques of switched reluctance motor. The main research contents contains: from the perspective of starting, a full-cycle inductance vector coordinate transformation based position estimation scheme and the phase lacking fault-tolerant operation algorithm are studied for precise initial rotor position estimation and continuous position estimation at low-speed range. Considering the real-time performance of the sensorless scheme at the medium and high speed range, the intersection point of the transformer EMF and the motional EMF detection method and phase inductance slope zero-crossing detection method are combined for estimating the aligned position. Using this method, the single-cycle single special position detection can be realized, which can improve the real-time performance and maintain the independence of position estimation algorithms of each phase, and thus can meet the control requirements of the phase lacking fault-tolerant operation. In order to realize the reliable switching between the low speed and high speed sensorless algorithms, a dual-speed thresholds hysteresis loop based soft switching strategy is also studied. The experimental prototype is developed for exploration and implementation of the sensorless starting, high speed and fault-tolerant operation of the switched reluctance motor drive. The research of this project will promote the practical process of the sensorless techniques of switched reluctance motor, and lay a foundation for broadening the application of the switched reluctance motor under extreme conditions.

本项目以开关磁阻电机控制系统为研究对象，以提高其在高温、高速、高污染等极端条件下的运行能力为研究目标，研究具有容错功能的开关磁阻电机全转速范围的无位置传感器技术。主要研究内容有：从起动的角度，研究基于全周期电感矢量坐标变换的位置估计策略及其缺相容错运行算法，实现精确初始定位和低速连续角度估计。从中、高速区域无位置传感器算法的实时性考虑，研究一种变压器电动势与运动电动势交点检测和相电感斜率过零点检测相结合的对齐位置检测方法，实现单周期特殊位置的检测，提高算法的实时性，并保持各相位置检测算法的独立性，满足缺相容错运行控制要求。为实现低速与高速算法间的可靠切换，研究基于双转速阀值的滞环软切换策略。研制实验样机，探索和实现开关磁阻电机的无位置传感器起动、高速和容错运行。本项目的研究将有助于推动开关磁阻电机无位置传感器技术的实用化进程，为拓宽开关磁阻电机在极端条件下的应用奠定基础。

本项目研究了极端条件下具有容错功能的开关磁阻电机全转速范围的无位置传感器技术。基于全周期电感矢量坐标变换技术，实现静止或带初始转速等无激励状态下的开关磁阻电机无位置传感器精确初始定位和无反转、无迟滞起动。研究起动之后低速时的连续角度估计算法，电机缺相故障容错控制策略。开关磁阻电机高速运行时的无位置传感器算法采用单周期单点估计的算法，解决了开关磁阻电机高速运行的运算速度问题。要满足高速无位置传感器容错运行控制要求, 要优先考虑采用各相独立的位置估计算法。研究低速和高速无位置算法之间的双转速阀值的滞环软切换策略，实现全速范围的无位置传感器技术。本项目研究适合高温、高速等极端条件的具备容错能力的无位置传感器技术，提高开关磁阻电机的系统集成度，增强系统的高速性和环境适应性，充分发挥开关磁阻电机的强容错能力和高可靠性，从而拓宽开关磁阻电机的应用领域，为其实用化进程奠定基础。