复杂调水工程对明渠反向输水响应机制研究

In this project, the South-North Water Diversion into Miyun Reservoir Storage Project is chosen as the research object, the reverse water line in the water diversion project is taken as the main research carrier. The influence of seasonal variation and Jingmi Channel transfers water reversely on the hydraulic characteristics of complex water transfer project and law of response mechanism will be deeply analyzed to study the way of assimilating model parameters, tracking a set of hydraulic parameters(roughness factor and local head loss) and pump characteristic curve infinite closed to the actual operation condition，so that develop and improve the theory and technology system on complex water transfer engineering hydraulics simulation..This project will adopt comprehensive methods such as theoretical analysis, field measurement, measured operation data analysis and numerical simulation to carry out the following goals:①The line of Jingmi Channel transfering water reversely is taken as the main research carrier to establish a set of complex water transfer engineering hydraulics model; ②Data assimilation techniques will be developed under complex conditions for water diversion project to obtain a set of hydraulic parameters(roughness factor and local head loss) and pump characteristic curve; ③Application on Miyun Reservoir Storage Project will be verified to study the reliability on hydraulics simulation and predictive control technology after data assimilation;④The influence of different factors and Jingmi Channel transfers water reversely on the hydraulic characteristics of complex water transfer project and law of response mechanism will be deeply analyzed.The project aims to reveal the hydraulic response mechanism and evolution under operation process of long distance water transfer project with complex boundaries, and to provide a scientific basis for completing hydraulics simulation and predict and control theory of Cascade Pumping Stations.

本项目以南水北调来水调入密云水库调蓄工程为研究对象，以明渠反向输水为主要研究载体，通过识别影响因素，深入分析多因素条件下京密引水渠反向输水对复杂调水工程的影响机理，研究同化模型参数方法，反演符合实际运行工况的水力学参数（糙率和局部损失系数）和泵站特性曲线，发展和完善复杂调水工程水力学模拟调控理论和技术。.本项目采用理论分析、现场测量、数值模拟等方法，拟研究：①以京密引水渠反向输水线路为主要研究载体，建立一套复杂调水工程水力学模拟模型。②开发一套复杂调水工程条件下的数据同化技术，获取水力学参数（糙率和局部损失系数）和泵站装置特性曲线。③通过密云水库调蓄工程进行验证，考察数据同化后的水力学模拟及控制技术的可靠性。④深入分析不同影响因素下京密引水渠反向输水对复杂调水工程水力特性响应机制。项目旨在揭示复杂调水工程对明渠反向输水的响应机制及演变规律，为完善水力学模拟预测和梯级泵站控制理论提供科学依据。

本项目以南水北调来水调入密云水库调蓄工程为研究对象，以明渠反向输水为主要研究载体，通过识别影响因素，深入分析多因素条件下京密引水渠反向输水对复杂调水工程的影响机理，研究同化模型参数方法，反演符合实际运行工况的水力学参数（糙率和局部损失系数）和泵站特性曲线，发展和完善复杂调水工程水力学模拟调控理论和技术。采用理论分析、现场测量、数值模拟等方法，（1）突破基于组合特性曲线的多机组泵站内边界处理技术：由水泵基本特性曲线和水泵装置需要扬程曲线联立，得到水泵的净扬程-流量曲线。利用横加法，实现运行水泵机组特性曲线的组合。组合特性曲线既综合了多个水泵机组的特性，同时又可以在数值模拟中将泵站视为一个整体。（2）突破梯级泵站-渠道无间断连续模拟技术：将泵站控制方程、渠道控制方程、其他建筑物控制方程分别线性化处理，并采用高效的双扫描法求解整个系统的线性方程组，实现全线的无间断模拟。（3）突破基于PSO算法的非恒定流糙率识别技术：为了避免采用恒定流率定糙率的偶然性和不通用性，本研究以非恒定流过程模拟值与观测值之差最小为目标函数，实现了渠道组合糙率的快速识别。（4）突破基于EnKF的泵站参数识别技术：以泵站组合特性曲线的多个参数为状态量，并以控制断面水位作为直接观测量，采用EnKF技术识别泵站在不同工况下的参数。充分利用历史观测数据，存储同化参数，用于未来时段的水力模拟和调度方案制订。揭示复杂调水工程对明渠反向输水的响应机制及演变规律，为完善水力学模拟预测和梯级泵站控制理论提供科学依据。