广谱强SPR吸收铜纳米结构的可控制备、性能调控与光热海水淡化应用

Fundamentally, cost-effective copper nanostructures have surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption characteristics and are expected to replace the noble metal materials. However, the weak SPR intensity and narrow absorption bandgap, as well as uncontrollable synthesis limit their applications. This applied project intends to combine the plasmon coupling with the confinement effect to prepare stable copper nanomaterials with strong surface plasmon resonance and broadband absorption property. On the one hand, the polymer-coated cuprous oxide nanoparticle assemblages will be synthesized by the emulsion-templated method, and the clustered cuprous oxide nanoparticles are then converted to metallic copper by carbothermal reduction reaction to form spherical copper nanoparticle clusters. On the other hand, we will apply the hard template method to build an anisotropic confined space with gold seeds modified inner wall, and the seeded growth of Cu nanoparticles will be successively performed. To realize the plasmon coupling of copper nanoparticles, we carefully control the interparticle distance and particle density within confined space, thereby producing strong surface plasmon resonance and broadband absorption. Furthermore, the copper nanomaterial prepared by the above two methods are coated with a polymer or carbon, effectively improving their stability. We will also investigate the solar thermal conversion efficiency of the prepared copper nanomaterials and demonstrate their possible application in interfacial solar steam generation.

铜纳米结构具有表面等离子体共振（SPR）吸收特性，且价格便宜，有望代替贵金属SPR材料实现在太阳能领域的应用。然而由于其SPR强度弱，吸收峰窄且可控合成困难，到目前为止还没有实际应用。本申请项目拟从SPR耦合理论出发，分别设计利用乳液液滴模板法和硬模板法构筑各向同/异性的聚合物受限空间，并结合碳热还原和种子生长的方法在受限空间内形成铜纳米粒子聚集体。利用受限空间的聚集效应实现铜纳米粒子SPR耦合，从而制备出具有广谱强吸收的铜纳米材料，并进一步探讨各向同/异性结构在构建复杂SPR耦合的关键作用。通过上述两种方法制备的铜纳米材料表面都包覆有碳或聚合物，稳定性会得到大幅度提升。在此基础上，我们将考察所制备铜纳米材料的太阳光光热转化效率并将其应用于太阳光光热界面海水淡化，以期制备出新型低成本高效的海水淡化材料。

铜纳米结构具有表面等离子体共振（SPR）吸收特性，且价格便宜，有望代替贵金属SPR材料实现在太阳能领域的应用。然而由于其SPR强度弱，吸收峰窄且可控合成困难，到目前为止还没有实际应用。本申请项目从SPR耦合理论出发，分别设计利用乳液液滴模板法和硬模板法构筑各向同/异性的聚合物受限空间，并结合碳热还原和种子生长的方法在受限空间内形成铜纳米粒子聚集体。利用受限空间的聚集效应实现铜纳米粒子SPR耦合，制备出具有广谱强吸收的铜纳米材料，并进一步探讨了各向同/异性结构在构建复杂SPR耦合的关键作用。通过上述两种方法制备的铜纳米材料表面都包覆有碳或聚合物，稳定性会得到大幅度提升。在此基础上，我们进一步考察了所制备铜纳米材料的太阳光光热转化效率并将其应用于太阳光光热界面海水淡化，制备出新型低成本高效的海水淡化材料。