基于短波单频网的非合作分布式无源雷达探测机理研究

The project aims at using the increasingly popular digital AM broadcasts, explores and develops a new short-wave passive radar system exploiting the SFN (single frequency network) -based digital broadcasts. By structuring a passive distributed radar, this new radar system has both the advantages of passive radar and multistatic radar, which can effectively reduce the running cost of traditional short-wave radar and enhance the radar detection performance. However, that SFN-based short-wave radar (SFN-SWPBR) exploits SFN-based digital short-wave broadcasts as uncooperative radar signal can enrich the target information but simutaneously increase the utilization difficulty of the transmitted waveform. So how to model the radar signal propagation mechanism convenient for extracting target information at back-end and optimize radar system reasonably basing on the multistatic detection mechanism analysis become two key problems to be settled, specially in the short-wave band whose propagation mechanism and environment are complex. The project will structure the propagation model by combining the known radio wave propagation mechanism and apply the detection theory model to the target detection analysis of the new radar system. This will supply practical models and theory for the system optimization and design. The achievement will have important scientific significance on the new development of the special radar systems including short-wave radar and passive radar.

本项目旨在利用日益普及的数字调幅广播网络资源，探索和发展一种基于单频网配置广播信号的新体制短波无源雷达。通过构建一种非合作分布式雷达，此新体制雷达可综合无源雷达和多基地雷达的双重优势，有效地降低传统短波雷达系统运行成本和提高雷达综合探测性能。然而，单频网短波无源雷达由于利用了工作在单频网模式下非合作短波广播发射源作为发射端雷达信号，在丰富了接收端目标信息的同时增加了发射波形的利用难度，因此如何构建雷达信号传播模型便于后端目标信息提取及分析多站探测机理合理优化配置雷达系统成为了拟解决的关键科学问题，特别是在电波传播机理和环境复杂的短波段。本项目拟结合已知电波传播机理和信号特征建立传播模型，将多基地雷达的探测理论模型应用于新体制雷达目标探测分析中，在此基础上为新体制雷达的系统优化及设计建立实用模型和提供理论指导。研究成果对短波雷达、无源雷达等特种体制雷达的新发展具有重要科学意义。

本项目旨在利用日益普及的数字调幅广播网络资源，探索和发展基于DRM广播信号的新体制短波无源雷达，该雷达集成了无源雷达和双多基地雷达的优点，在军事和民用领域具有广阔的应用前景。本项目针对该新体制雷达的探测机理和关键技术开展了研究，主要成果如下：（1）研究了该体制雷达不同配置下的传播机理、信号特性、信号处理和数据处理的关键技术，评估了各种传播模式的探测机理、探测性能和技术可行性。（2）研究了复杂环境下的OFDM波形参考信号提取方法，分析了OFDM波形外辐射源雷达下射频干扰的影响，建立了干扰在时域、距离域、频域的特征，提出了基于时域和距离域特征的两种抑制方法；（3）研究了利用 OFDM 多载波信号结构的空、时、频域多径杂波抑制方法，提出了多种针对 OFDM 多载波信号结构的时、频域多径杂波抑制方法。（4）针对在发射站固定和感兴趣区域确定的情况下如何配置接收站的问题，从目标回波信噪比和检测漏警概率指标出发初步研究了外辐射源雷达站位优化问题。（5）结题发表学术论文 17 篇，其中 SCI 论文 10 篇 ，EI论文4篇，CSCD论文3篇，培养研究生8人。