基于能量采集的频谱监测传感网动态频谱接入技术研究

Wireless sensor networks for spectrum monitoring (SM-WSN) can compensate the shortage of coverage ability and electromagnetic situation acquisition ability for the existing spectrum monitoring system. The constraints on energy and spectrum resource have become the important factors for the advance of SM-WSN in practical applications. After adopting the optimization theory, quantification theory and green communication technology comprehensively, we aim to establish the schemes of the efficient and dynamic spectrum access. It is helpful to improve the survivability of the SM-WSN in the complicated electromagnetic environment. Firstly, based on the different demands of spectrum monitoring, we study the efficient rational hierarchical network system architecture and establish the cooperative working mechanism of energy harvesting, spectrum sensing and information transmission.Secondly, after analyzing the effect of multi-bit quantization on the sensing performance and energy consumption, we establish the average energy consumption model over some time slots based on energy harvesting and put forward the optimal scheme for dynamic spectrum access. It is useful to allocate the resources efficiently and reasonably. Lastly, we formulate the model of dynamic spectrum access based on the two hop cooperative relay and study the inherent relationships among time resources, energy resources and system performance. The optimal scheme of dynamic spectrum access, which increases the robustness of whole system, is put forwarded. It will remain a crucial support for efficient transmission and coverage ability of the SM-WSN.

频谱监测传感网极大弥补了现有频谱监测系统覆盖能力和电磁态势获取能力的不足，但能量和频谱资源的受限问题成为制约频谱监测传感网面向实际应用的重要因素。本项目综合利用最优化理论、量化理论以及绿色通信等理论和技术，以建立高效的动态频谱接入策略为目的，提高频谱监测传感网在复杂电磁环境中的生存能力。首先，面向不同的监测需求，研究高效合理的层次化网络体系结构，并建立实现能量采集、感知、传输共存的协同工作机制；其次，深入分析多比特量化对感知性能、能耗的影响，构建面向能量采集的各时隙平均能耗模型，提出动态频谱接入优化方案，为高效合理的资源分配提供重要支撑；最后，建立基于两跳协作中继的动态频谱接入模型，分析时间资源、能量资源与系统性能之间的内在关系，提出增强网络鲁棒性的动态频谱接入优化方案，为提高频谱监测传感网的高效传输及覆盖能力提供重要支撑。

随着无线通信技术的发展，用频设备数量激增、种类繁多，使得本不富足的频谱资源变得更加紧缺。如何有效地管控用频设备的频谱接入是频谱秩序管理与频谱安全的关键所在。本项目致力于提高现有频谱监测系统的覆盖能力、提升频谱监测传感网在复杂环境中的生存能力以及确保频谱监测传感网的高效运行能力，深入研究了基于能量采集的频谱监测传感网动态频谱接入的基本理论和关键技术，取得的主要研究进展与成果包括：1. 研究了层次化的网络体系架构及动态频谱接入模型，主要包括基于感知节点能量存储和中继节点协助的动态频谱接入模型，进一步在多元假设检验理论下研究了动态频谱非法接入检测模型；2. 研究了基于能量效率和多比特量化的动态频谱接入技术和动态频谱接入技术，在能量受限和控制信道受限的条件下，最大限度地提高了频谱监测传感网的动态频谱接入性能；3. 研究了基于协作中继和联合功率优化的动态频谱接入技术，并进行了安全传输性能分析，为频谱监测传感网的实际部署提供了更有价值的理论指导。.经过项目组的共同努力，已在IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking、IEEE Communications Letters等国际著名期刊与会议上发表论文11篇，授权发明专刊3项，申请发明专利6项，超额完成了预期研究目标与预期研究成果。本项目取得的创新性研究成果可有效提升频谱监测传感网的高效传输及覆盖能力。