电动汽车双三相电机驱动系统容错运行控制研究

A motor control system is a key component of an electric vehicle and it calls for high efficiency and high reliability. In this application, a dual-three-phase induction motor supplied by dual three-phase voltage source inverters is utilized to driver an electric vehicle. This research topic is the theoretical analysis and key technologies for dual-three-phase induction motor driving system to implement fault tolerant operation. It contains state observation and fault detection of dual-three-phase motor driving system, modeling and vector control methodology for a dual-three-phase motor driving system in normal and fault tolerant operations, phase interleaved vector control algorithm for a dual-three-phase inverter, advanced PWM strategies for fault tolerant operation (especially for phase failure tolerant operation) to suppress harmonics and the common mode voltage, and efficiency optimization control of the motor driving system. This application focuses more attention on vector control strategies and PWM technique for running in the case of phase failure or open-phase. The characteristic of multi-phase and multiple degrees of freedom are utilized for dynamic redundancy and fault tolerant control to get a high reliability. A phase interleaved control strategy is used to reduce the harmonic distortion and the ripple torque. The efficiency optimization control can be easily realized. Through these research works, a theory or methodology of fault detection and fault tolerant operation for dual-three-phase induction motor driving system will be established. Furthermore, the vector control strategy can also be developed and extended for more applications. It will benefit the industrialization of electric vehicles in China and will develop the electric vehicle technologies with independent intellectual property rights in China.

电机控制系统是电动汽车的核心，要求高效率、高可靠性。本课题研究在电动汽车中使用双三相电压型逆变器、双三相异步电机，以实现容错运行的关键理论与技术，即：双三相电机控制系统的状态观测与故障诊断；在正常和跛行状态下的矢量控制模型与理论；矢量控制下两套逆变器的相位交错协调控制算法；兼顾谐波和共模电压抑制作用、容错运行状态下特别是缺相时的PWM控制技术；电驱动系统的效率优化控制等。其中着重对缺相状态下的矢量控制策略和PWM技术进行研究。本课题利用双三相系统的多相、多自由度特性，实现动态冗余和容错控制以提高系统可靠性，利用相位交错控制以削弱谐波、减小转矩脉动，并可灵活地使用全部或部分绕组运行对效率进行优化控制，硬件成本却基本不变。本课题的研究可形成电动汽车双三相异步电机驱动系统故障诊断与容错运行的理论与方法，扩展矢量控制理论的适用范围；有助于推动我国电动汽车的产业化，掌握具有自主知识产权的关键技术。

电机控制系统是电动汽车的核心，要求高效率、高可靠性。本课题对基于双三相异步电机的电动汽车驱动系统容错运行关键理论与技术进行了研究，取得了以下学术成果：提出了适用于双三相异步电机的离线和在线参数识别算法，特别是实现了定转子漏感的分离；提出了用于正常和跛行状态下的双三相异步电机数学模型及其矢量控制算法、容错运行状态下特别是缺相时的PWM调制技术；提出了基于高频注入的无速度传感器运行算法等。通过本课题的研究，形成了电动汽车双三相异步电机驱动系统在缺相故障以及速度传感器故障下的容错运行理论与方法，并可有效提高系统的可靠性，对于推动我国电动汽车的产业化也具有很高的实用价值。