混合动力汽车电机驱动系统的模型预测容错控制研究

This project aims to greatly improve the reliability and safety of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) by introducing the advanced fault tolerant control strategies into the permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) based on the method of model predictive direct torque control. Corresponding four types of drive system component failures, namely the speed sensor failure,the speed sensor and an inverter leg (or one phase open-circuit) failure at the same time,the current sensor failure and DC-link voltage sensor failure, the fault-tolerant strategies, combining the model predictive control with direct torque control techniques and utilizing adaptive backstepping ( or adaptive sliding mode) or adaptive backstepping sliding mode technologies, are put forward and their corresponding design algorisms are derived respectively for PMSM-based drive systems. In the event of the failures aforementioned, the resultant fault-tolerant control system designed should satisfy the following requirements: ① The control scheme should be resilient to failures and guarantee the stability and consecutive operation of PMSM-based drive system, instead of switching-off the system, which could cause many disasters; ② In the post-fault operational mode, although the system performance would deteriorate, the fault-tolerant system should still sustain the basic control performance and be insensitive to the system parameter variation; ③ The resultant PMSM-based fault-tolerant drive systems should enable HEVs to run sustainably and safely under the condition of certain sensor and actuator faults, resulting in significant improvement to the reliability and safety of HEVs.

以混合动力汽车为工程应用背景，基于模型预测控制理论，利用自适应技术，进行三相永磁同步电机驱动系统的容错控制研究。针对转速传感器故障、转速传感器和功率开关元件（或电机缺相）同时出现故障、电流传感器故障以及直流母线电压传感器故障等四种情形，本课题利用模型预测直接转矩控制方法（它是模型预测控制和直接转矩控制的结合，是一种实现简单、控制效果颇佳的控制策略），并利用自适应滑模（或自适应反步）或自适应反步滑模等技术，针对三相永磁同步电机驱动系统，提出四种相应的容错控制策略。当出现故障时，容错控制策略能有效地保证：① 电机驱动系统运行的稳定性和连续性，避免停机以及其他灾难；② 尽管电机在降级模式下正常工作，但依然保证基本性能指标，具有较好的响应特性、且具有较强的鲁棒性；③ 混合动力汽车能够在这些传感器和执行器故障状况下继续安全行驶，从而提高其行驶的可靠性和安全性。

以混合动力汽车为工程应用背景，基于模型预测控制理论，利用自适应技术，进行三相永磁同步电机驱动系统的容错控制研究。针对转速传感器故障、转速传感器和功率开关元件（或电机缺相）同时出现故障、电流传感器故障以及直流母线电压传感器故障等四种情形，本课题利用模型预测控制方法，并利用模型参考自适应、自适应反步、自抗扰、滑模变结构、非线性等技术，针对三相永磁同步电机驱动系统，提出了四种相应的容错控制策略。当出现上述故障时，所设计的容错控制策略能够有效地保证：① 电机驱动系统运行的稳定性和连续性，避免停机以及其他灾难；② 尽管电机在降级模式下正常工作，但依然保证基本性能指标，具有较好的响应特性、且具有较强的鲁棒性；③ 混合动力汽车能够在这些传感器和执行器故障状况下继续安全行驶，从而提高其行驶的可靠性和安全性。