面向潮湿丘陵环境的生土建造优化研究

Earth building is one of the green constructions to deal with ecological crisis in Architecture. With the change of social structure and production ways in urban and rural areas, the limitation of traditional earth building appears obviously. Carrying out a high quality construction technology under the condition of regional characteristics is a powerful guarantee for preservation, restoration and construction of earth building. This study will face to the humid and hilly environment and take Zhejiang as an example. The study will carry on critique absorption of traditional earth construction technology.Then, the analysis for earth building will be divided into three aspects involving materials, structure and construction. Firstly, the improved earth material will be prepared with the features of moderate strength, good water resistance and disintegration; Secondly, a small prefabricated earth blocks system will be set up under frame structure; Thirdly, variety of construction details will be designed. Finally, the study will verify the proposed optimization strategy of earth construction through practice. Therefore, this study will provide a strong complement in the field of earth building, while can effectively provide supports with theory and practice for earth building protection and contemporary applications. In addition, it is in favor of strengthening the geographical features of the local building and it provides a new idea for sustainable development for urban and rural construction.

生土建筑作为建筑领域内一种绿色环保的建造方式，是应对生态环境危机的主要手段之一。随着我国城乡社会结构与生产方式的转变，传统生土民居的局限性日益显现，如何在满足地域性特征的条件下开展高质量的生土建造技术研究是生土建筑得以保存、修复和新建的保障。本课题拟以浙江为例面向潮湿丘陵环境，批判地吸收传统生土建造工艺要点，从生土建造涉及的材料、结构与构造三大方面进行递进式系统性研究：制备出强度适中、具有较好耐水性能、可适时降解回归自然的改性生土材料；从而构建起框架体系下的小型预制生土砌块系统；进一步研发多种关键节点构造做法；最终通过生土建造实践验证提出适应当代生产生活的潮湿丘陵地区生土建造的改良优化策略。本课题的开展将是当前生土建筑研究领域的有力补充，能切实为生土建筑的保护和当代应用提供理论与实践支持，有利于强化本土建筑地域特色，为城乡建设的可持续发展提供新思路。

生土建筑作为传统民居常见的建筑形式具有良好的生态应用潜力和显著的地域性特征。我国南方生土民居常位于潮湿丘陵环境，建造工艺灵活多样，表现出独特的风情地貌。然而，随着我国城乡社会结构与生产生活方式的转变，传统生土民居的局限性也日益显现，生土不再作为人们建屋的常用材料。为了深入认识和发扬这种传统绿色建筑，我们需有针对性地展开研究。本研究以浙江为例，对潮湿丘陵环境下的传统生土民居进行调查，记录生土民居的工艺特征和现状问题，重点对浙江省松阳县的生土建筑保护更新模式进行分析总结。接着，本研究批判地吸收传统生土建造工艺要点，从材料、结构与构造三个层面对生土建造工艺进行改良优化，特别针对潮湿丘陵环境设计了多种关键节点构造做法。进一步，本研究结合信息技术研发一种生土建筑监测技术，为生土建筑性能提供更有力的数据控制以及分析。最后，本研究将部分技术成果运用到实际项目中，通过实践验证技术其有效性，实现研究的良性循环。综上，本研究面向潮湿丘陵环境对生土建造进行调查、改良和优化，是生土建筑研究领域的有力补充与发展，能切实为生土建筑的保护和当代应用提供理论与实践支持，有利于强化本土建筑地域特色，为城乡建设的可持续发展提供新思路。