电动汽车复合补偿型无线充电系统的关键问题研究

Magnetic-coupling-based wireless power transfer (WPT) is the most promising core technology and research hotspot to effectively solve charging issue of the electric vehicles. However, the power transferring performance of the WPT system changes with the parameters variation while the related law and the sensitivity are not clear. The comprehensive evaluation and systematic design methods have not been proposed. For the above, the following research activities are planned to be carried out in this project: (1) The variation law of the parameters of the resonant components of the inductor and capacitor combined compensated WPT system will be explored. The model of the wireless charging system will be built considering the influence of the actual vehicle environment. The sensitivity of the system to each parameter will be analyzed. The impact of the parameter variation on the power transferring characteristics will be discussed. (2) The coupling mechanism between the system parameter variation, the inverter operation frequency, and the system characteristics will be revealed, and the correction control strategy based on the power frequency regulation is expected to be proposed. The parameter iterative design method based on cascade Monte Carlo analysis is planned to be explored to reduce the sensitivity of the system to the parameter variation. (3) The multi-objective, comparable and quantifiable overall performance evaluation system and the corresponding optimization design method will be proposed. The magnetic coupler will be designed to integrate with the compensation network. The research results will enrich and develop the theory of wireless power transfer, and provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the practical application of electric vehicle wireless charging system.

磁场耦合式无线电能传输是有效解决电动汽车充电问题的最具前景的核心技术和研究方向。本项目针对静止式电动汽车无线充电系统的传输性能随参数变化敏感性不明确、系统性评价和设计方法尚不完善的问题，拟开展：（1）探索复合补偿型系统各谐振元件参数变化规律，建立模型描述无线充电系统和实车影响因素，研究系统对各参数的敏感性，探究参数变化对系统传输性能的影响规律；（2）揭示系统参数变化、逆变电源频率与系统传输特性之间的耦合机制，提出基于电源频率调节的校正控制策略，探索基于级联式蒙特卡罗分析的参数迭代设计方法，以降低系统对参数变化的敏感性；（3）建立多目标、可比较、可量化的整体性能评价体系及相应的优化设计方法，提出磁耦合机构和补偿网络集成式一体化设计方案；研究成果将丰富和发展无线电能传输理论，并为电动汽车无线充电系统的实车应用提供理论依据和技术支持。

磁场耦合式无线电能传输是电动汽车无线充电的核心技术之一，本项目针对静止式无线充电系统参数变化规律及其对传输性能影响规律不明确、系统性优化设计方法尚不完善、系统控制策略研究不充分的问题，从磁耦合机构、补偿拓扑、控制策略三个关键组成部分入手，重点开展了：（1）针对车用磁耦合器约束，建立了集效率、成本、功率密度、抗偏移能力等多技术指标的综合评价体系，提出一种基于pareto最优前沿的磁耦合器参数多目标优化设计方法，通过实验验证了由该方法的有效性；（2）针对谐振补偿拓扑，给出了复合型补偿拓扑调功性能更优的电路理论依据，重点开展了双边LCC补偿拓扑的参数敏感性分析，采用最大奇异值法探究了对系统传输性能影响最大的单个元件参数；采用电路仿真法遍历参数变化组合，探究了元件参数小幅随机变化对系统性能的影响规律，提出了级联蒙特卡罗法优化元件参数的设计流程，仿真验证了该设计流程在降低系统参数敏感性方面的可行性；（3）在谐振变换级控制策略方面，针对停车对位偏移问题，以宽负载范围实现软开关为目标推导了开关时刻电流条件，提出了调整开关频率与调整元件参数相结合的功率控制策略，实验验证了方法的有效性；（4）在前级变换调压控制策略方面，建立了系统动态响应模型并推导动态响应边界方程，提出了单周期比例微分（OCC-PD）控制策略，实验验证了该控制策略的鲁棒性；（5）基于上述研究成果，试制了6.6kW无线充电原理样机，并在充电场站开展了实车实桩测试与示范应用，可有效支撑后续研究。.通过课题研究，发表科研论文8篇，申请相关国家发明专利6项。培养硕士生4名。参与无线充电与电力电子应用方面专题国际和国内学术研讨7次，形成了小功率电动汽车无线充电系统的磁耦合机构及补偿拓扑参数综合优化设计方案，为车用无线充电系统的规模化应用提供了理论支撑。