市场型环境规制对制造业生态效率的影响：机制、路径及其效应

Chinese economy has shifted gear from the previous high speed to a medium-to-high speed growth. Undeniably, manufacturing development in our country is facing increasingly serious problems of resources and environment constraints. Therefore, developing green economy has become a global hot spot issue under the background of surging in the global carbon emissions and accelerating climate change. .Manufacturing is the pillar of the national economy. Chinese government has put forward that the green development as the basic conception of economic and social development in thirteenth five-year development plan and even a longer period. Around this important strategic deployment, “Made in China 2025” has pointed out that adhere to the sustainable development as an important focus of building manufacturing driver, and “Industry Green Development Planning (2016-2020)” has put forward that to promote the green industry through with the resources and environment into market price and trading mechanism reform. Therefore, it is a significant and urgent strategic task to promote eco-efficiency of manufacturing to turn out to be in sustaining healthy development and ensuring the national eco-safety..In accordance with the great need and basing on theory research and practice, this project aims to present a research model about how environmental regulation affect industrial eco-efficiency of China’s manufacturing. The following issues will be thoroughly discussed..Firstly, it will evaluate the effect about market-oriented environmental policy on innovation of manufacturing processes and eco-efficiency and examine the effect of market-oriented environmental policy implementation..Secondly, it will analyze the affecting mechanism and effect of market-oriented environmental regulation on manufacturing process and reveal the path and boundary conditions of the market-oriented environmental regulation to promote the innovation in the manufacturing..Thirdly, it will analyze the affecting mechanism and effect of market-oriented environmental regulation intensity on manufacturing eco-efficiency and reveal the path and boundary conditions of the market-oriented ecological environmental regulation to improve manufacturing efficiency..Fourthly, it will analyze the affecting mechanism and effect of the manufacturing innovation process for on eco-efficiency and reveal the path of innovation driven of green development..This project will contribute to solving the resource-constraining problem confronted by China’s manufacturing, and providing decision support for manufacturing green competitiveness.

我国制造业发展面临严峻的资源环境约束问题。为此，《中国制造2025》和《工业绿色发展规划（2016-2020年）》提出，要充分发挥市场调节作用，构建工业绿色发展长效机制。因此，依靠市场型环境规制提高制造业生态效率，是补齐绿色发展短板的重大战略任务。围绕这一现实需求，本项目在理论研究与调研的基础上，深入研究以下内容：第一，评估市场型环境政策对制造业创新过程与生态效率的影响，检验市场型环境政策的实施效果；第二，分析市场型环境规制强度对制造业创新过程的影响机制和效应，揭示市场型环境规制促进制造业创新的路径和边界条件；第三，分析市场型环境规制对制造业生态效率的影响机制和效应，揭示市场型环境规制改善生态效率的路径和边界条件；第四，分析创新过程对制造业生态效率的影响机制和效应，揭示创新驱动制造业绿色发展的路径。本项目既有助于破解制造业发展面临的资源环境约束问题，也有助于为提升其绿色竞争力提供决策支持。

绿色发展是新时代我国经济发展的基本理念。《中国制造2025》提出，坚持把可持续发展作为建设制造强国的重要着力点，要通过以市场化为导向的资源环境价格机制来促进绿色发展。因此，依靠市场型环境规制促进制造业生态效率，是我国经济中长期发展的重要战略举措。.本项目开展四个方面的研究：第一，市场型环境规制对制造业创新过程的影响；第二，市场型环境规制对制造业生态效率的影响；第三，创新过程对生态效率的影响；第四，优化市场型环境规制工具、提高生态效率的政策建议。本项目采用理论分析与实证检验相结合的方法，检验市场型环境规制对创新过程及生态效率的影响，从环境执法强度和市场成熟度两个视角分析市场型环境规制有效实施的边界条件。.研究发现：第一，市场型环境规制对生态效率具有促进作用，技术创新在市场型环境规制与生态效率的关系中发挥了部分中介作用，环保执法在市场型环境规制与技术创新之间有正向调节作用。第二，环境规制对制造业研发投入具有挤出效应，而且抑制了实质性创新和策略性创新。实质性创新对经济绩效具有促进作用，但是其对能源绩效的影响并不显著，而且抑制了环境绩效的提高。策略性创新对经济、能源和环境绩效具有促进作用。第三，市场化进程对生态效率呈现不显著的抑制效应，但是，它能够正向调节创新对生态效率的促进作用。第四，通过政策组合创新能够促进制造业生态效率。.本项目的科学意义包括：第一，通过分析市场型环境规制工具对制造业生态效率的影响，丰富了波特假说的理论内涵。本项目利用生态效率这一概念表征制造业绿色发展水平，是对波特假说中“竞争力”概念的重要拓展。第二，本项目从创新过程的视角分析市场型环境规制引致的创新行为选择差异，有助于揭示强波特假说的理论机制。第三，本项目引入市场成熟度、环境执法力度，有助于完善市场型环境规制有效运行的边界条件。第四，本项目为我国优化市场型环境政策和创新政策提供了决策支持。