银修饰碳纳米管/掺杂TiO2新型催化杀菌材料的可控制备与性能

Catalytic bactericidal materials are new environmental management materials with wide application prospects, But several fatal defects them impede the practical application seriously, such as "the instability of preparation, the inefficiency of catalysis and sterilization, the difficulty of separately recovery, and the short lifetime of catalysis". This project intends to use the photo degradation doped TiO2, electronic auxiliary and adsorption filter of carbon nanotubes, the enhancement of cheap and easily obtained metallic silver, synergistic effect of electric potential remission and catalytic sterilization, and take the yield of electrons and holes, the match of Band-gap adjustment and photosensitive, and the qualified and efficient Adsorption activity center into consideration. It combines the cheap and efficient bactericidal materials, catalytic degradation materials and efficient adsorption materials together, and builds the silver modified carbon nanotube-doped TiO2 novel catalytic and bactericidal materials with enhanced catalytic bactericidal synergistic effect to surmount the above-mentioned "bottleneck" problems. Through the use of optimal preparation methods called "soft chemical controllable synthesis technology" and the control of the size and morphology of microcrystal. What's more we combine bactericidal properties of catalytic and microstructure together, and explore the structure of composite materials which contain nano-phase multi-doped TiO2 and silver modified carbon nanotube, the catalytic bactericidal mechanism, and build the structure model and discipline of efficient catalytic sterilization materials, in order to enrich the theoretical system of the interaction of Photodegradation and diversified semiconductor materials.

催化杀菌材料是一类应用前景广阔的环境治理新材料，但目前仍存在"制备工艺不稳定，催化杀菌效率不高，难以分离回收,催化寿命短等致命缺陷"，严重阻碍了其实际应用。为此，本项目拟利用掺杂二氧化钛的光降解、碳纳米管网络的电子辅助及吸附过滤、廉价易得金属银的增强、外加电势的缓释和催化杀菌的协同效应,综合考虑电子与空穴的产率，带隙调整与光敏的匹配和优质高效的吸附活性中心几种因素, 将廉价高效杀菌型、催化降解型、高效吸附型材料三位一体有机融合，构筑强-强联合的具有更强催化杀菌协同效应的银修饰碳纳米管/掺杂TiO2新型催化杀菌材料来突破上述的"瓶颈"问题。通过采用"软化学可控合成技术"优化制备方法和控制微晶的尺寸与形貌,将催化杀菌性能与微观结构结合，研究含有纳米相多元掺杂TiO2和银修饰碳纳米管复合材料的结构、催化杀菌机制，建立高效催化杀菌材料的结构模型和规律，丰富光降解与多元半导体材料相互作用的理论体系。

催化杀菌材料是一类应用前景广阔的环境治理新材料，但目前仍存在“制备工艺不稳定，催化杀菌效率不高，难以分离回收，催化寿命短等致命缺陷”，严重阻碍了其实际应用。因此，本项目利用掺杂二氧化钛的光降解、碳纳米管网络的电子辅助及吸附过滤、廉价易得金属银的增强、外加电势的缓释和催化杀菌的协同效应，综合考虑电子与空穴的产率，带隙调整与光敏的匹配和优质高效的吸附活性中心几种因素，将廉价高效杀菌型、催化降解型、高效吸附型材料三位一体有机融合，构筑强-强联合的具有更强催化杀菌协同效应的银修饰碳纳米管/掺杂TiO2新型催化杀菌材料，探讨克服上述的不足 “瓶颈”问题。. 本项目具体做了四方面的研究工作：第一，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备掺杂纳米TiO2，提高了TiO2的光催化活性，并使TiO2在太阳光下的光催化效率提高了近5倍。第二，采用非模板法和模板法制备出一维TiO2，其中采用水热法制备出的混晶TiO2纤维120min后对甲基橙的降解率可达91％，重复使用3次后，对甲基橙的降解率仍可达到81％。第三，制备出高效杀菌催化复合材料活性炭纤维毡负载Ag/TiO2和AgO/CNTs/TiO2，得出了当TiO2纤维负载50%，载银量0.5%时活性炭纤维毡负载Ag/TiO2催化效果最好，对甲基橙的降解率能达到97%，三次重复使用后降解率仍在90%以上；随着氧化高银质量的增加，复合材料AgO/CNTs/TiO2的杀菌性能呈现递增的趋势，而当碳纳米管量为3.5%时催化效果最好能达到96%。第四，制备出抗菌型复合膜AgO/TiO2/CA和Ag/TiO2/PA，得出了当AgO/TiO2=2:1，含量为2%时，复合膜AgO/TiO2/CA的水通量达25.78ml /(cm2·h)、孔隙率为78.1%都相对较好，抑菌圈半径从0增加到2.08mm；当油相Ag/TiO2添加量为0.7%时，复合膜Ag/TiO2/PA的水通量达最大值97.65 L/(m2·h)，截留率达最大值91.85%，对大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌圈分别为2.2mm和2.0mm。. 通过本项目的研究，实现了催化杀菌材料在结构、性能上的可控制备，建立了复合材料制备的新方法和工艺；本项目制备出的复合材料和复合膜解决了直饮水高效杀菌的问题，为该类材料在净水工程中的实际应用奠定基础。