阵列电极的可控合成及其在锂二次电池中的应用基础研究

The mechanism in fabricating a new composite electrode which used for lithium batteries based on nano array network, as well as its electrochemical properties were first issued in this project. Electrochemical methods would be adopted to optimize the microstructure, components, surface morphology and the ion transfer of the precursor of nano array network in nano size. A stable three-dimensional nano array conductive network (3DCN) with high electric transfer speed and ionic spread passages would be design and synthesized. Moreover, this 3DCN would be adopted as current collector to study the high performance composite electrode in rechargeable lithium batteries. Several electrochemical characterization methods would be used to research the electrochemical properties of the three dimensional composite electrode, and the corresponding nano effects and lithium storage theories of nano-sized materials, thus to make a solid foundation for the next generation high specific capacity, long cycle life, safe and low priced lithium batteries.

本项目首次提出研究基于阵列结构的锂二次电池电极的制备机理及其电化学行为。通过电化学方法在纳米尺度上对纳米阵列结构的前驱体材料的微观结构、组分、表面及离子电子输运特性进行调控，设计并制备出稳定的、具有高速电子传输和离子扩散通道的三维阵列导电网络；并以此三维阵列导电网络为集流体研究高性能锂二次电池三维阵列结构复合电极。利用多种电化学表征手段，研究锂离子电池三维阵列复合电极的电化学行为，认识相关纳米储锂材料的纳米效应和储锂机制，为下一代高能量密度、长循环寿命、安全、廉价的高性能锂离子电池的发展奠定坚实的理论基础。

本项目以高速发展的锂离子产业为背景，研究了基于阵列结构的三维集流体的制备机理及其与活性物质复合后的电化学行为。首先，通过电结晶和AAO模板辅助生长法在纳米尺度上对微观结构、组分、表面及离子电子输运特性进行调控，设计并制备出了稳定的、具有高速电子传输和离子扩散通道的三维铜纳米线阵列结构；并以此阵列结构为集流体，将活性物质附着上去，制备了具有三维阵列结构的锂离子电池复合电极。通过多种电化学表征手段，研究了此复合电极的电化学行为，并分析了相关纳米储锂材料的纳米效应和储锂机制，结果表明此复合电极具有优异的电化学性能。此三维纳米线集流体及其复合电极具有很大的进一步研究的价值和广阔的应用前景,它们的成功制备，为下一代高能量密度、长循环寿命、安全、廉价的高性能锂离子电池的发展奠定了坚实的理论基础和实验基础。