基于MOFs的三维集流体-金属氧化物复合电极的制备和在锂离子电池中的应用研究

Transition metal oxides have the advantages of high specific capacity and low cost, and are considered to be one of the most promising as lithium ion batteries anode materials. In order to eliminate the shortage of poor cycle capability of the transition metal oxides, this study proposes a strategy that combines three-dimensional (3D) current collector with high-capacity active materials to achieve excellent performance by special structure of the current collector. In addition, the preparation of three dimensional current collector - metal oxide composite anode with uniform structure and dispersive distribution utilize the advantage of MOFs in synthesis nano-metal oxides. Typical synthesis method of the composite anode is that MOFs are in-situ grown on 3D metal current collector, followed by annealing process. By researching the design and preparation of 3D current collector, in-situ synthesis of MOFs on current collector surface, the 3D composite electrode annealing process, and the electrochemical performance of the 3D composite electrode, this study will realize the purpose of enhancement the electrochemical performance of 3D current collector-metal oxides composite anode in term of specific capacity, cycling and rate capability.

作为锂离子电池负极材料，过渡金属氧化物具有比容量高，价格低廉等优点，被认为最有潜力的负极材料之一。为了克服过渡金属氧化物循环寿命短的缺点，本项目提出制备三维集流体-金属氧化物复合电极，利用三维集流体的特殊结构来发挥高容量活性材料的性能。同时，结合金属-有机框架化合物(MOFs)制备金属氧化物的优势，在三维集流体表面原位生长MOFs，最后通过热处理得到结构均一，弥散分布的三维集流体-金属氧化物复合负极。项目主要开展三维集流体的设计与制备、MOFs材料在三维金属集流体上的原位生长、三维复合电极的热处理、复合电极电化学性能等方面的研究，从而提高三维集流体-金属氧化物复合负极的容量、循环寿命与倍率性能。

本项目以高速发展的锂离子产业为背景，以三维集流体以及金属有机框架（MOFs）为研究重点，从自支撑三维集流体的设计、MOFs衍生活性材料的制备以及三维集流体与MOFs衍生活性材料的复合三方面展开了系统研究。得到了结构均一的MOFs衍生活性材料于三维集流体中弥散分布的复合电极材料，通过多种电化学表征手段，研究了此复合电极的电化学行为和储锂机制，结果表明此复合电极具有优异的电化学性能。MOFs衍生活性材料与三维集流体复合材料的制备具有很大的进一步研究的价值和广阔的应用前景，它们的成功制备，为下一代高能量密度、长循环寿命、安全、廉价的高性能锂离子电池负极材料的发展奠定了坚实的理论基础和实验基础。