半导体性单壁碳纳米管/共轭聚合物复合薄膜及其光伏特性研究

Semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWNTs) have high mobility, large length-diameter ratio as well as modulated electronic and optical properties, which are considered to be among the best candidates for next-generation semiconducting nanomaterials, promising many potential applications in nanoelectronics and thin-film devices. Unfortunately, SWNTs prepared by current synthetic methods are a mixture with different electronic structures, which greatly limits their applications in high-performance devices. Especially for the application in organic/polymer photovoltaic cells,s-SWNTs haven't exerted their excellent properties as researchers expect, and only low photoelectric transformation efficiencies are presented. There are still some challenges to be resoved. In this project, through employing high-purity s-SWNTs as the acceptor, controlling their purity, length, engery level and chemical modification, we will primary investigate the effects of s-SWNTs on the polymer thin-fim structures and optoelectronic properties. Furthermore, through optimizing SWNT structure, perfectly matching their enery level and building three-dimensional interpenatrating networks, we will explore the effective way to increase photoelectric transformation efficiency of SWNT/polymer organic/inorganic photovoltaic cells. This project will promote the development of SWNT/polymer photovoltaic devices.

作为新一代半导体纳米材料的典型代表，高载流子迁移率、大长径比以及可调制电学、光学等性质的半导体性单壁碳纳米管，在高性能电子器件领域备受瞩目。但是当前合成技术制备的碳纳米管均是不同导电属性的碳管混合物，极大地限制了其应用。尤其在有机/聚合物光伏电池的应用中，半导体碳管的优异性能并没有得到充分发挥，光电转换效率亟待提高。本项目中，我们提出以高纯度半导体性碳管为受体材料，通过对半导体碳纳米管纯度、长度、能级以及化学修饰的控制，着重研究半导体碳管上述性质对其与聚合物复合薄膜结构以及光电性能的影响。进一步地，通过半导体碳纳米管结构优化、与聚合物的能级匹配以及三维互穿双连续薄膜网络的构筑，探索提高碳纳米管/聚合物有机/无机杂化光伏电池光电转化效率的有效途径。此项目的开展，对推动碳纳米管/聚合物光伏电池器件的发展具有积极的意义。

半导体型单壁碳纳米管在光电器件领域的应用今年来受到了广泛的关注。本项目通过四年的研究，从共轭聚合物与半导体性单壁碳纳米管的作用机理出发，在半导体性单壁碳纳米管的可控制备、半导体性单壁碳管与共轭聚合物复合薄膜的制备等方面进行了深入的研究通过广泛的材料筛选和比较，在半导体分离纯度和薄膜均匀性等方面取得较大的进展。极大地提升了复合薄膜的载流子传输能力和光电转化能力。以此为出发点研究了这种碳管/聚合物复合薄膜在不同结构光伏器件中的光电转化性能。基于碳纳米管/共轭聚合物的二元互穿薄膜制备的本征异质结型器件与传统OPV器件相比实现了一定的性能提升。当我们把这种复合薄膜作为传输层制成异质结光伏器件后，同样可以带来较大的性能提升。此外，这种高纯度的半导体碳纳米管薄膜可以直接制成大尺寸的无掺杂的光电二极管，在近红外光探测器领域取得了新的突破。在项目执行的四年内，以通讯作者或共同作者在Small（1篇）、Nanoscale（1篇）、Chem. Mater.（1篇）以及Chem. Comm.（4 篇）等核心知名期刊上发表研究论文9篇，申请国家发明专利7 项，其中已授权3 项。